{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T13:13:12Z","timestamp":1787317992799,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,4]],"date-time":"2022-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659571200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) of Australia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1142715"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1142715"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Qual Health Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This article explores socio-spatial dimensions of risk and how they can enhance understanding of a high burden tuberculosis (TB) context in the South Fly District of Papua New Guinea. We report on select findings from a qualitative study that included 128 semi-structured in-depth interviews and 10 focus group discussions with a wide range of South Fly District community members. Using the conceptual framework of \u2018riskscapes\u2019 to examine emic perspectives on risk, space and practice, we map key elements of TB riskscapes on Daru Island, South Fly District, along with solutions for navigating through these riskscapes. Overcrowding, lack of water, sanitation and hygiene, as well as food insecurity and undernutrition, were identified as common elements within participants\u2019 riskscapes, that compounded upon each other to create the perception of an assemblage of risk favourable to TB transmission.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10497323221111912","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,4]],"date-time":"2022-08-04T03:27:55Z","timestamp":1659583675000},"page":"1747-1762","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Exploring Tuberculosis Riskscapes in a Papua New Guinean \u2018Hotspot\u2019"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7916-0124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula","family":"Jops","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0937-1057","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martha","family":"Kupul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka, Papua New Guinea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard Nake","family":"Trumb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka, Papua New Guinea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Cowan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka, Papua New Guinea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3525-2294","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephen M.","family":"Graham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2877-9231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephen","family":"Bell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UQ Poche Institute for Indigenous Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9656-557X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suman","family":"Majumdar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Herolyn","family":"Nindil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National TB Program, National Department of Health, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2640-9640","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William","family":"Pomat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka, Papua New Guinea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3404-2690","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ben","family":"Marais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney Infectious Diseases Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8976-8053","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guy","family":"Marks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1558-4822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Vallely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka, Papua New Guinea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7639-4355","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John","family":"Kaldor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0152-2954","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela","family":"Kelly-Hanku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka, Papua New Guinea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-10497323221111912","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0149806"},{"key":"bibr2-10497323221111912","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104973239700700406"},{"key":"bibr3-10497323221111912","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/026327690007002017"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr4-10497323221111912","first-page":"e000147","volume":"4","author":"Bainomugisa A.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microb Genom"},{"key":"bibr5-10497323221111912","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cjres\/rsaa008"},{"key":"bibr6-10497323221111912","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa"},{"key":"bibr7-10497323221111912","volume-title":"Characterization of the traditional fisheries in the treaty communities of Torres Strait (Papua New Guinea)","author":"Busilacchi S.","year":"2015"},{"key":"bibr8-10497323221111912","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/s1678-9946201759057"},{"key":"bibr9-10497323221111912","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.13118"},{"key":"bibr10-10497323221111912","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-016-3935-7"},{"key":"bibr11-10497323221111912","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rppnen.2017.11.003"},{"key":"bibr12-10497323221111912","volume-title":"Beyond the risk society: Critical reflections on risk and human security","author":"Flynn R.","year":"2006"},{"key":"bibr13-10497323221111912","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732315575315"},{"key":"bibr14-10497323221111912","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-51892-5"},{"key":"bibr15-10497323221111912","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-2113.45198"},{"key":"bibr16-10497323221111912","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5588\/pha.18.0075"},{"key":"bibr17-10497323221111912","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2010.199505"},{"key":"bibr18-10497323221111912","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(16)30094-7"},{"key":"bibr19-10497323221111912","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01459740.2015.1091819"},{"key":"bibr20-10497323221111912","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-5455-3_4"},{"key":"bibr21-10497323221111912","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60483-7"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr22-10497323221111912","first-page":"1","volume":"18","author":"Marme G. D.","year":"2018","journal-title":"[Rural and Remote Health Electronic Resource]"},{"key":"bibr23-10497323221111912","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5588\/pha.18.0074"},{"key":"bibr25-10497323221111912","first-page":"22","volume-title":"The spatial dimension of risk","author":"M\u00fcller-Mahn D.","year":"2013"},{"key":"bibr26-10497323221111912","volume-title":"Making sense of the spatial dimensions of risks","author":"M\u00fcller-Mahn D.","year":"2013"},{"key":"bibr27-10497323221111912","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3112\/erdkunde.2018.02.09"},{"key":"bibr28-10497323221111912","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-68606-6_20"},{"key":"bibr29-10497323221111912","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoforum.2017.04.008"},{"key":"bibr30-10497323221111912","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1068\/a4194"},{"key":"bibr31-10497323221111912","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1068\/d10409"},{"key":"bibr32-10497323221111912","volume-title":"Qualitative research & evaluation methods: Integrating theory and practice","author":"Patton M. Q.","year":"2015"},{"key":"bib9104973232213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68392-X"},{"key":"bibr33-10497323221111912","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511527470"},{"key":"bibr34-10497323221111912","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5040\/9781474215862-ch-002"},{"key":"bibr35-10497323221111912","volume-title":"TB prevention and control in PNG: Report of the review of contribution of DFAT investments (2011-2018)","author":"Specialist Health Service","year":"2019"},{"key":"bibr36-10497323221111912","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5588\/pha.18.0071"},{"key":"bibr37-10497323221111912","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781446216392"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr38-10497323221111912","first-page":"96","volume":"52","author":"Whittaker M.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Papua and New Guinea Medical Journal"},{"key":"bibr39-10497323221111912","volume-title":"The End TB Strategy: Global strategy and targets for tuberculosis prevention, care and control after 2015","author":"WHO","year":"2015"},{"key":"bibr40-10497323221111912","volume-title":"Global tuberculosis report 2020","author":"WHO","year":"2020"},{"key":"bibr41-10497323221111912","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41182-020-00293-w"},{"key":"bibr42-10497323221111912","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30484-7"}],"container-title":["Qualitative Health Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10497323221111912","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/10497323221111912","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10497323221111912","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T23:51:40Z","timestamp":1777679500000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/10497323221111912"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,4]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/10497323221111912"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10497323221111912","relation":{},"ISSN":["1049-7323","1552-7557"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1049-7323","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-7557","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,4]]}}}