{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T14:05:04Z","timestamp":1781013904407,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,7]],"date-time":"2026-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780790400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,7]],"date-time":"2026-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780790400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Hosp Palliat Care"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Many studies exist outlining poor outcomes related to cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) administered to patients who are elderly and\/or have comorbid medical conditions with sudden cardiac arrest. Patients with asystole or pulseless electrical activity have worse outcomes. Studies show only 10% of patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and initial asystole survive until they reach the hospital. Less than 5% survive until hospital discharge with good neurologic function.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Research Question<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Given these poor outcomes, the question arises: what are the impacts on the healthcare personnel providing this type of aggressive intervention?<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study design was a cross-sectional, mixed-methods anonymous online survey of hospital personnel in one large academic setting. The survey included demographic questions and 6 questions regarding feelings around the use of CPR. Descriptive statistics were used to report on respondents and their responses. Thematic qualitative analysis of free-text responses was completed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One-hundred fifty-four people of 780 (20%) responded to an anonymous survey sent to hospital personnel. Ninety-four percent of respondents were involved in a hospital code experience; 87% surveyed had performed CPR on an individual knowing there was a low likelihood of survival. Eight themes with subthemes were identified in the data. Participants primarily had challenging emotions associated with taking part in CPR including sadness and frustration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A large majority of healthcare workers surveyed in a single hospital system reported performing CPR on patients knowing there was a low likelihood of survival. Many respondents reported emotional effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10499091261457550","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,7]],"date-time":"2026-06-07T14:13:54Z","timestamp":1780841634000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Emotional and Ethical Impacts on Healthcare Professionals Performing Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9459-9605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick J.","family":"Macmillan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UCSF Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCSF Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dumindra","family":"Gurusinghe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCSF Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allison","family":"Go","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCSF Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chase","family":"Lancaster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCSF Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iris","family":"Price","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCSF Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000070950.17208.2A"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000087403.24467.A4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.010633"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2013.10037"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-6916.2007.00029.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enfi.2016.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2015.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jpm.2020.0215"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315748931-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.669009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12904-021-00768-5"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine\u00ae"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10499091261457550","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/10499091261457550","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10499091261457550","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T13:46:28Z","timestamp":1781012788000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/10499091261457550"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,7]]},"references-count":12,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/10499091261457550"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10499091261457550","relation":{},"ISSN":["1049-9091","1938-2715"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1049-9091","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-2715","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,7]]},"article-number":"10499091261457550"}}