{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:34:21Z","timestamp":1792787661924,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Sarasota Memorial Healthcare Foundation","award":["0225-15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0225-15"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Thyroid\u00ae"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The nPulse\n                      <jats:sup>\u2122<\/jats:sup>\n                      Vybrance\n                      <jats:sup>\u2122<\/jats:sup>\n                      Percutaneous Electrode System delivers nanosecond pulsed field ablation (nsPFA), a nonthermal technology that permeabilizes cell membranes while preserving surrounding structures. As a novel therapeutic approach in the United States, nsPFA may offer a nonsurgical alternative for symptomatic benign thyroid nodules (BTNs). This study evaluates the short-term clinical outcomes and safety of nsPFA treatment performed in a clinic setting, focusing on changes in nodule volume and treatment-related complications.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective chart review was conducted of 38 patients (48 symptomatic BTNs) treated with nsPFA. Benign cytology was confirmed via fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Since some patients underwent nsPFA of multiple BTNs, analysis of volume reduction was performed at the nodule level using a repeated measures approach, which accounts for within-patient correlation when estimating average changes over time.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Average nodule volume reduction at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months was 49.0% [confidence interval (CI) 42.5\u201355.4], 53.5% [CI 48.6\u201358.4], 51.8% [CI 45.2\u201358.5], and 50.2% [CI 34.9\u201365.5], respectively. Primary nodules received a median of 37 low-voltage and 24 default-voltage cycles, with additional nodules requiring fewer total cycles. No procedural or post-procedural complications were observed. All patients reported symptomatic improvement, often as early as 2 weeks following treatment. Three patients with toxic nodules and one with a nontoxic nodule were initially on antithyroid medication; all successfully discontinued antithyroid medication within 1 month of nsPFA. Subsequent thyroid function monitoring showed no abnormalities across patients with toxic and nontoxic nodules.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study represents the first reported clinical series of nsPFA outcomes for thyroid nodules in North America and the first in the world in a clinic setting. Early findings suggest that nsPFA is a promising, minimally invasive alternative to surgery for symptomatic BTNs, offering significant volume reduction and an excellent safety profile. The rapid symptomatic improvement and durable volume reductions during limited follow-up support further investigation. The modest sample size, retrospective design, and loss to follow-up at later time points may affect the interpretation of sustained effectiveness. Larger, prospective studies with extended follow-up are warranted to validate these results, assess long-term outcomes, and compare procedural environments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10507256261443630","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T08:53:26Z","timestamp":1780304006000},"page":"688-692","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["First Clinical Series of Patients Undergoing Nanosecond Pulsed Field Ablation for Symptomatic Benign Thyroid Nodules in a Clinic Setting"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-4547-8617","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabella C.","family":"Ihrig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kolschowsky Research and Education Institute, Sarasota Memorial Health Care System, Sarasota, Florida, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camila","family":"Mancera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kolschowsky Research and Education Institute, Sarasota Memorial Health Care System, Sarasota, Florida, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kolschowsky Research and Education Institute, Sarasota Memorial Health Care System, Sarasota, Florida, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4989-5653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tonya S.","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kolschowsky Research and Education Institute, Sarasota Memorial Health Care System, Sarasota, Florida, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralph P.","family":"Tufano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Physicians Group, Thyroid and Parathyroid Center, Division of Head and Neck Endocrine Surgery, Sarasota Memorial Health Care System, Sarasota, Florida, USA."},{"name":"Brian D. Jellison Cancer Institute, Sarasota Memorial Health Care System, Sarasota, Florida, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2015.0020"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.0898"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/gs-23-18"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/919650"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.10081634"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/raon-2025-0011"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPS.2002.1003872"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/bioe.2024.0015"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10507256251372166"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_1","unstructured":"10.U.S. Food and Drug Administration Center for Devices and Radiological Health. Premarket notification (510(k)). FDA: Silver Spring MD; 2024. Available from: https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/scripts\/cdrh\/cfdocs\/cfPMN\/pmn.cfm?ID=K240782 [Last accessed: December10 2025]."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inpm.2025.100593"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_1","unstructured":"12.American Thyroid Association. Change in thyroid nodule volume calculator. American Thyroid Association: McLean VA; n.d. Available from: https:\/\/www.thyroid.org\/professionals\/calculators\/thyroid-with-nodules\/ [Last accessed: December10 2025]."}],"container-title":["Thyroid\u00ae"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10507256261443630","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/10507256261443630","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10507256261443630","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T02:15:58Z","timestamp":1788401758000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/10507256261443630"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/10507256261443630"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10507256261443630","relation":{},"ISSN":["1050-7256","1557-9077"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1050-7256","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-9077","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]}}}