{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T15:32:36Z","timestamp":1793287956669,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782259200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782259200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Thyroid\u00ae"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Antiangiogenic and targeted therapies represent the most effective systemic options for advanced thyroid cancers. In this setting, toxicity management is essential to ensure treatment adherence. Among hematological toxicities, erythrocytosis has been rarely investigated, and its clinical pattern and management remain unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We conducted a retrospective cohort study including patients with any advanced thyroid cancer histology treated with antiangiogenic or targeted therapies between 2012 and 2023 at two Italian referral centers. Therapies included\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">RET<\/jats:italic>\n                      inhibitors (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">RET<\/jats:italic>\n                      i: selpercatinib, pralsetinib), cabozantinib, the\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">BRAF<\/jats:italic>\n                      \/\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">MEK<\/jats:italic>\n                      inhibitor combination dabrafenib + trametinib, lenvatinib, sorafenib, and vandetanib. Erythrocytosis, defined according to 2022 World Health Organization criteria, was assessed through serial hemoglobin and hematocrit measurements up to 36 months from treatment start. Associations with clinical variables, event-free survival (EFS), overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and acute vascular events were assessed using Fisher\u2019s exact and regression models, as appropriate.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 173 screened patients, 135 were included in the final analysis (median follow-up 68.5 months). Erythrocytosis occurred in 24 patients (17.8%), with 16\/24 (66.6%) experiencing recurrent events (total: 50). Median time to onset was 1.28 months (Q1\u2013Q3: 0.76\u20135.14).\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">RET<\/jats:italic>\n                      i showed the highest incidence (46.7%), followed by vandetanib (20.7%). Among 14\/24 tested patients, no\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">JAK2<\/jats:italic>\n                      V617F or exon 12 alterations were detected. Management involved temporary treatment interruption in 60.0% (30\/50) of events, with 53.3% (16\/30) resuming at a reduced dose; in selected cases (4\/9, 44.4%), hematology-guided phlebotomy was performed without drug discontinuation. Erythrocytosis was not associated with EFS, OS, or ORR, but was associated with higher DCR (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.031). Incidence of acute vascular events was comparable among patients with (8.3%) and without (14.4%) erythrocytosis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Erythrocytosis represents an underrecognized, early, recurrent, and indolent adverse event of antiangiogenic and targeted therapies, particularly\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">RET<\/jats:italic>\n                      i, in advanced thyroid cancer. Its biological mechanisms and optimal management strategies warrant further investigation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10507256261454542","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T02:48:27Z","timestamp":1782355707000},"page":"892-902","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Targeted Therapy-Induced Erythrocytosis in Thyroid Cancers: An Underrecognized Safety Signal from a Retrospective Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Silvia","family":"Marchesi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Head and Neck Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Roman\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Head and Neck Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy."},{"name":"Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Spagnoletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Head and Neck Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Barretta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics for Clinical Research Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Buriolla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Head and Neck Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"De Monte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Head and Neck Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolina","family":"Sciortino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Head and Neck Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Demurtas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Oncology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Meschia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imperia","family":"Nuzzolese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Head and Neck Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristiana","family":"Bergamini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Head and Neck Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Cavalieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Head and Neck Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy."},{"name":"Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Colombo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Head and Neck Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arianna","family":"Ottini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Head and Neck Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosalba","family":"Miceli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics for Clinical Research Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Salvetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, 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