{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T18:06:37Z","timestamp":1780077997637,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769558400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003970","name":"Isfahan University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3401657"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3401657"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003970","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["WORK: A Journal of Prevention, Assessment &amp; Rehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The metal equipment manufacturing industry is inherently high-risk, particularly in welding operations. Effective training is critical to ensure welders\u2019 safety and health. Systematic identification and prioritization of educational needs are essential for creating impactful training programs tailored to these high-risk environments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to identify and prioritize essential training topics for welders using the Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) and Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) to enhance safety, health, and productivity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 15 experts participated in this study, including 13 industry professionals (factory inspectors, engineers, and safety directors) and 2 academic experts (professors). Their professional backgrounds encompassed areas such as occupational health and safety, welding safety supervision, and HSE management. Their educational qualifications ranged from BSc to PhD. Expert opinions were collected in two phases. first, the Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) was used to refine the training topics, and second, the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) was employed to prioritize them based on their relative importance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 18 proposed topics, 11 met the 0.7 retention threshold. The highest-ranked topics were Working at Height and Use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), both with a normalized weight of 0.149. Other key areas included Welding Safety in Confined Spaces (0.142) and Electrical Hazards in Welding (0.112). Expert agreement across rounds was strong, with final consensus variation under 0.2.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Effective health and safety training is essential for high-risk industries like welding. Accurate identification of training needs ensures that tailored educational content enhances employee safety and organizational productivity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10519815251408033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T19:41:23Z","timestamp":1769629283000},"page":"421-430","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Determining training needs of welders in equipment manufacturing industry: A systematic approach using Delphi fuzzy method and FAHP for traditional and immersive trainings"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"Samane","family":"Khorshidikia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masoud","family":"Rismanchian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georgi","family":"Popov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational Risk and Safety Sciences Department, University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ehsanollah","family":"Habibi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31782\/IJCRR.2020.122303"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","first-page":"189","article-title":"Current trends in welding processes and materials: improve in effectiveness","volume":"30","author":"Kah P","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kah P, Martikainen J. Current trends in welding processes and materials: improve in effectiveness. Rev adv Mater Sci 2012; 30: 189\u2013200.","journal-title":"Rev adv Mater Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","first-page":"81","article-title":"Safety knowledge of welding workers in the manufacturing industry","volume":"2","author":"Hassim AM","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hassim AM, Rozali MZ. Safety knowledge of welding workers in the manufacturing industry. Res Innov Tech Vocat Educ Train 2022; 2: 81\u201389.","journal-title":"Res Innov Tech Vocat Educ Train"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","first-page":"105198152413111","article-title":"Ergonomic design of foot-operated resistance spot welding interface using multi-criteria decision-making approach","author":"Alam MD","year":"2025","unstructured":"Alam MD, Ali Khan I. Ergonomic design of foot-operated resistance spot welding interface using multi-criteria decision-making approach. WORK 2025: 10519815241311180. In press.","journal-title":"WORK"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/WOR-230465"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssci.2020.105157"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","volume-title":"Preventing Accidents Through the Implementation of The Work Standards in the Welding Workplace5th International Conference on Health Sciences (ICHS 2018)","author":"Khairat F","year":"2019","unstructured":"Khairat F, editor. Preventing Accidents Through the Implementation of The Work Standards in the Welding Workplace. In 5th International Conference on Health Sciences (ICHS 2018). Atlantis Press; 2019."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/healthscope-164956"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jlp.2017.08.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","first-page":"69","article-title":"Effect of training interventions on the reduction of unsafe behaviors using deming model","volume":"8","author":"Eshaghi M","year":"2016","unstructured":"Eshaghi M, Sepehr P. Effect of training interventions on the reduction of unsafe behaviors using deming model. Int J Occup Hygiene 2016; 8: 69\u201377.","journal-title":"Int J Occup Hygiene"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17457300.2013.861853"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/healthscope-160737"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2022.117601"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spc.2020.09.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e34072"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","article-title":"Applying the fuzzy Delphi method in the cement industry: enhancing decision-making and operational efficiency","volume":"18","author":"Khorshidikia S","year":"2025","unstructured":"Khorshidikia S, Habibi E. Applying the fuzzy Delphi method in the cement industry: enhancing decision-making and operational efficiency. Sleep Science 2025; 18: A046.","journal-title":"Sleep Science"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2019.10.198"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10803548.2021.1890423"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10519815241297468"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psep.2014.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jlp.2014.11.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17445302.2017.1354658"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2021.107018"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10803548.2021.1890423"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2009.08.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/INF-2015-1070"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmst.2018.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2021.109859"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2020.113738"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0264303"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/su151410801"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","article-title":"Constructing the indicators of assessing human vulnerability to industrial chemical accidents: a consensus-based Fuzzy Delphi and Fuzzy AHP approach","volume":"9","author":"Fatemi F","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fatemi F, Ardalan A, Aguirre B, et al. Constructing the indicators of assessing human vulnerability to industrial chemical accidents: a consensus-based Fuzzy Delphi and Fuzzy AHP approach. PLoS Curr 2017; 9, dis. 526884afe308f8876dce69c45357ecd.","journal-title":"PLoS Curr"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","article-title":"Evaluation of occupational injuries among welders in Northwest Iran","volume":"2","author":"Amani F","year":"2017","unstructured":"Amani F, Bahadoram M, Hazrati S. Evaluation of occupational injuries among welders in Northwest Iran. Journal of Preventive Epidemiology 2017; 2.","journal-title":"Journal of Preventive Epidemiology"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alexander VA Sindhu KNC Zechariah P et al. Occupational safety measures and morbidity among welders in Vellore Southern India. Int J Occup Environ Health 2016; 22: 300\u2013306.","DOI":"10.1080\/10773525.2016.1228287"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21642850.2022.2106987"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","first-page":"1964","article-title":"Integrating virtual reality into welding training: an industry 5.0 approach","volume":"14","author":"Alfaro-Viquez D","year":"2025","unstructured":"Alfaro-Viquez D, Zamora-Hernandez M, Fernandez-Vega M, et al. Integrating virtual reality into welding training: an industry 5.0 approach. Electronics (Basel) 2025; 14: 1964.","journal-title":"Electronics (Basel)"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/ircmj.18976"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pr12071295"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","volume-title":"Safety Requirement for Welding Job at Confined Space1st International Conference on Oil, Gas, Petrochemical and HSE","author":"Hemmati A","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hemmati A, Rostami A, Farhangian S, editors. Safety Requirement for Welding Job at Confined Space. 1st International Conference on Oil, Gas, Petrochemical and HSE. Bushehr, Iran: Islamic Azad University of Bushehr, 2017."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","first-page":"1065","article-title":"The study of pulmonary, renal and hepatic status in door and window welders in Rafsanjan in 2018: a short report","volume":"18","author":"Taheri Fard A","year":"2020","unstructured":"Taheri Fard A, Ahmadinia H, Kafi M, et al. The study of pulmonary, renal and hepatic status in door and window welders in Rafsanjan in 2018: a short report. Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences 2020; 18: 1065\u20131072.","journal-title":"Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","article-title":"Exploring the risk of welders\u2019 exposure to the gases and metal fumes in a shipbuilding industry: A case study","author":"Mohebian Z","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mohebian Z. Exploring the risk of welders\u2019 exposure to the gases and metal fumes in a shipbuilding industry: A case study. Health and Safety at Work 2020.","journal-title":"Health and Safety at Work"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/oeh.2007.13.3.268"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2009.12.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2009.05.068"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/su12104290"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18280\/ijsse.140403"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22219\/jcse.v5i2.32573"}],"container-title":["WORK: A Journal of Prevention, Assessment &amp; Rehabilitation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10519815251408033","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/10519815251408033","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10519815251408033","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T17:47:43Z","timestamp":1780076863000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/10519815251408033"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/10519815251408033"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10519815251408033","relation":{},"ISSN":["1051-9815","1875-9270"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1051-9815","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-9270","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]]}}}