{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T12:37:37Z","timestamp":1777466257305,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,11]],"date-time":"2024-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733875200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite the widespread presence of sacroiliac joint dysfunction (SIJD) among causes of low back pain, SIJD is still overlooked.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to investigate the effect of pelvic proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques (PNF) in patients with SIJD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This prospective, single-blinded, randomized controlled study was conducted between December 2023 and March 2024. Fourty patients diagnosed with SIJD, with pain for at least 4 weeks initially, aged between 18 and 40, were randomly allocated into experimental group (EG, n\u2009=\u200920) and control group (CG, n\u2009=\u200920) using a computer-based randomised numbered list. The CG received patient education consisting of basic lumbar stabilization exercises (LSE); the EG received exercise training consisting of pelvic PNF techniques in addition to patient education. The interventions of both groups were applied 3 days a week for 6 weeks. Pain, mobility, flexibility, lumbar range of motion, posture, trunk flexor muscle endurance, and trunk extensor muscle endurance were assessed by VAS, Modified Schober's test, sit-and-reach test, goniometer, New York Posture Rating Chart, flexor endurance test, ve Biering-S\u00f8rensen test, respectively, before and after interventions. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to assess normality, while intra-group and inter-group comparisons were conducted using either the Paired sample T-test or the Independent samples T-test.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of the EG (n\u2009=\u200920, 30,88\u2009\u00b1\u200914,23 years), 82.35% (n\u2009=\u200914) were female, while the CG (n\u2009=\u200920, 27,18\u2009\u00b1\u20097,58 years) comprised 76.47% (n\u2009=\u200913) females. The mean body mass index for the EG was 23.71\u2009\u00b1\u20093.68\u2005kg\/m\u00b2, compared to 23.51\u2009\u00b1\u20093.68\u2005kg\/m\u00b2 in the CG. Baseline values of pain (p\u2009=\u20090.152, 95% CI [\u22120.342\u20132.107]), mobility (p\u2009=\u20090.407, 95% CI [\u221212.699\u20135.405]), flexibility (p\u2009=\u20090.758, 95% CI [\u22122.293\u20133.116]), posture (p\u2009=\u20090.913, [\u22122.422\u20133.613]), trunk flexor muscle endurance (p\u2009=\u20090.336, 95% CI [\u22123.213\u20135.955]), and trunk extensor muscle endurance (p\u2009=\u20090.405, 95% CI [\u22122.927\u20134.842]) of the groups were similar. Both the EG and CG achieved significant improvements in reducing pain (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The improvement in the pain was significantly higher in the EG compared to the CG (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001, dcohen\u2009=\u2009\u22121.030). There were significantly change in the scores of mobility, flexibility, and lumbar range of motion only in the EG. All changes had a medium or high effect size (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001, dcohen\u2009=\u20090.631; p\u2009=\u20090.011, dcohen\u2009=\u20090.417; p\u2009&lt;\u20090.05, dcohen\u2009=\u20090.649, respectively).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Incorporating the pelvic proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques into the rehabilitation protocols for patients with sacroiliac joint dysfunction may prove beneficial, potentially enhancing pain relief while also improving mobility, flexibility, and lumbar range of motion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10538127241298537","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,11]],"date-time":"2024-12-11T03:36:55Z","timestamp":1733888215000},"page":"229-240","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The effect of pelvic proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques in patients with sacroiliac joint dysfunction: A randomized controlled study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7211-1805","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hikmet","family":"Ucgun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Atlas University, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meltem","family":"Kaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Atlas University, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hilal Denizoglu","family":"Kulli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Atlas University, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ANE.0000180831.60169.EA"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-70676-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2018.1.SPINE17115"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","first-page":"239","article-title":"Sacroiliac joint dysfunction: diagnosis and treatment","volume":"105","author":"Newman DP","year":"2022","unstructured":"Newman DP, Soto AT. Sacroiliac joint dysfunction: diagnosis and treatment. Am Fam Physician 2022; 105: 239\u2013245.","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pmrj.12176"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0218957713500176"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of low back pain, 1990\u20132020, its attributable risk factors, and projections to 2050: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021","volume":"5","author":"GBD 2021 Low Back Pain Collaborators","year":"2023","unstructured":"GBD 2021 Low Back Pain Collaborators. Global, regional, and national burden of low back pain, 1990\u20132020, its attributable risk factors, and projections to 2050: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet Rheumatol 2023; 5: e316\u2013ee29.","journal-title":"Lancet Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31818b8882"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-021-06927-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S327351"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2005.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","first-page":"1577","article-title":"Chronic low back pain","volume":"74","author":"van Tulder M","year":"2006","unstructured":"van Tulder M, Koes B. Chronic low back pain. Am Fam Physician 2006; 74: 1577\u20131579.","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.36076\/ppj\/2019.22.53"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.36076\/ppj.2021\/24\/223"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S279390"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2024.02.693"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29271\/jcpsp.2023.05.572"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14444\/6082"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/BMR-210108"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-200636110-00002"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/v10078-012-0011-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctcp.2021.101505"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/jsr.2018-0498"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2003.010967"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","first-page":"298","volume-title":"Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation patterns and techniqes","author":"De V","year":"1985","unstructured":"De V. Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation patterns and techniqes. New York City, NY: 3ED Harper and Row, 1985, pp.298\u2013311."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/BMR-200306"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Comparative effects of mulligan\u2019s mobilization and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation technique on pain and disability in patients with sacroiliac joint dysfunction","volume":"1","author":"Waseem A","year":"2023","unstructured":"Waseem A, Manzor N, Fatima I, et al. Comparative effects of mulligan\u2019s mobilization and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation technique on pain and disability in patients with sacroiliac joint dysfunction. Int J Nat Med Health Sci 2023; 1: 1\u20135.","journal-title":"Int J Nat Med Health Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","first-page":"475","article-title":"Effectiveness of pelvic proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation on trunk stability and gait parameter in stroke patients: a systemic review","volume":"15","author":"Shah SR","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shah SR, Doshi H, Shah C. Effectiveness of pelvic proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation on trunk stability and gait parameter in stroke patients: a systemic review. Medical Journal of Dr DY Patil University 2022; 15: 475\u2013482.","journal-title":"Medical Journal of Dr DY Patil University"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781003526308-17"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5114\/pq.2020.100273"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","volume-title":"ICD-10: international statistical classification of diseases and related health problems: tenth revision","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2005","unstructured":"World Health Organization. ICD-10: international statistical classification of diseases and related health problems: tenth revision. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization: World Health Organization, 2005."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2019.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/jmt.2008.16.3.142"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/22104917211000755"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(00)90080-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_2","first-page":"1451","article-title":"The patrick-FABER test in detecting active sacroiliitis in spondyloarthritis patients: a prospective study using magnetic resonance as reference standard","volume":"40","author":"Tasso M","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tasso M, Del Puente A, Navarini L, et al. The patrick-FABER test in detecting active sacroiliitis in spondyloarthritis patients: a prospective study using magnetic resonance as reference standard. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2022; 40: 1451\u20131452.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(74)90884-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000001162"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2005.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_2","first-page":"1755","article-title":"Reliability of modified-modified Schober's test for the assessment of lumbar range of motion","volume":"72","author":"Amjad F","year":"2022","unstructured":"Amjad F, Mohseni Bandpei MA, Gilani SA, et al. Reliability of modified-modified Schober's test for the assessment of lumbar range of motion. J Pak Med Assoc 2022; 72: 1755\u20131759.","journal-title":"J Pak Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09638280400018411"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare8030237"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2011.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_45_2","first-page":"312","article-title":"Criterion-related validity of sit-and-reach test as a measure of hamstring extensibility in older women","volume":"32","author":"L\u00f3pez-Mi\u00f1arro P","year":"2015","unstructured":"L\u00f3pez-Mi\u00f1arro P, Vaquero-Crist\u00f3bal R, Muyor JM, et al. Criterion-related validity of sit-and-reach test as a measure of hamstring extensibility in older women. Nutr Hosp 2015; 32: 312\u2013317.","journal-title":"Nutr Hosp"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2021.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hkpj.2011.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0887302X13480558"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(99)90087-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jshs.2012.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001403"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199910150-00004"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2015.07.215"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03193146"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2007.10.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbmt.2018.01.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31254\/sportmed.6113"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21315\/mjms2019.26.6.8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2018.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21608\/mjcu.2019.69907"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2024.1337754"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_62_2","volume-title":"The science & practice of manual therapy","author":"Lederman E","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lederman E. The science & practice of manual therapy. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier Health Sciences, 2005."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/86.7.1001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14474\/ptrs.2021.10.2.225"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.24981"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctcp.2021.101439"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.29.1070"}],"container-title":["Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10538127241298537","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/10538127241298537","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10538127241298537","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T13:28:08Z","timestamp":1777382888000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/10538127241298537"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,11]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/10538127241298537"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10538127241298537","relation":{},"ISSN":["1053-8127","1878-6324"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1053-8127","type":"print"},{"value":"1878-6324","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,11]]}}}