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All RCTs were assessed for eligibility, including studies on: patients with diagnosis of CNSNP; physical therapy approaches such as manual therapy (MT) and therapeutic exercise (TE); waiting list, sham treatments, as comparison; Visual Analogue Scale, Numerical Rating Scale, Numerical Pain Rating Scale, and Numerical Pain Scale, as outcomes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>At the end of the search, 14025 studies were identified. After the removal of duplicates, 10,852 were considered eligible according to title and abstract screening, while 10,557 papers were excluded after this process. Therefore; a total of 11 RCTs were included in this systematic review. A decrease of pain intensity was observed in all groups, albeit in patients being treated with TE and MT. Besides this, the combination of TE and MT demonstrated a 91% of probability to be the best choice in patients with CNSNP at the first visit. Only the combination of TE plus MT\/cognitive behavioral therapy and MT as a single treatment showed a reduction in pain score. Overall, 3 studies (27.2%) showed a low risk of bias, 6 (54.5%) showed some concerns in bias assessment, and 2 (19%) a high risk of bias.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Collectively, the findings of this systematic review showed that MT and TE might be considered as effective rehabilitation approaches for treatment of pain in patients with CNSNP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10538127241304110","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T12:51:26Z","timestamp":1738155086000},"page":"407-419","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["The efficacy of manual therapy and therapeutic exercise for reducing chronic non-specific neck pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Dario","family":"Calafiore","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit, Department of Neurosciences, ASST Carlo Poma, Mantova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Marotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical and Rehabilitative Medicine Division, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d, Catanzaro, Italy"},{"name":"Research Center on Musculoskeletal Health, MusculoSkeletalHealth@UMG, University of Catanzaro \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d, Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Umile Giuseppe","family":"Longo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Roma, Italy"},{"name":"Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Universit\u00e0 Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, \rRoma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Vecchio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, \rCatania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Zito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical and Rehabilitative Medicine Division, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d, Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Lippi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Scientific Research, Campus LUdeS Lugano (CH), Off-Campus Semmelweis University of Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Ferraro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit, Department of Neurosciences, ASST Carlo Poma, Mantova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Invernizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical and Rehabilitative Medicine Division, Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont \u201cA. 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