{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T10:46:02Z","timestamp":1789469162407,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760659200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cervical spondylosis (CS) is an age related degenerative musculoskeletal condition that causes neck pain, radiculopathy, and myelopathy-associated paralysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine the prevalence of CS and identify associated risk factors among symptomatic adult patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective study was conducted at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital between May and December 2022. Records of patients with spondylosis from January 2020 to January 2022 were reviewed. Inclusion criteria: confirmed CS with complete clinical and imaging data. Patients with incomplete records, acute trauma, or congenital, neoplastic, idiopathic, circulatory, or metabolic disorders were excluded.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 2176 patients with spondylosis, 339 records were considered. Females accounted for 55.8% (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009189), and males 44.2% (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009150), with a mean age of 54.9\u2009\u00b1\u200910.04 years. Lumbar spondylosis was most prevalent (58.7%), followed by cervical (28.6%), combined cervical\u2013lumbar (11.8%), and thoracic (0.9%). Multivariate analysis revealed higher CS risk among females (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003) and patients aged 40\u201359 years (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Smoking (AOR\u2009=\u20092.02) and alcohol consumption (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) were also significant predictors.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CS prevalence in this study exceeded earlier reports. Risk increased with age, was greater among women, and was amplified by smoking and alcohol consumption.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10538127251388060","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T18:21:55Z","timestamp":1760725315000},"page":"608-618","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Prevalence of cervical spondylosis and associated factors among symptomatic adult patients at a tertiary hospital in Ethiopia 2023"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Beyan","family":"Abduljewad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Arsi University, Assela, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abay","family":"Mulu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yared","family":"Mamushet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Rheumatology, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Biniyam","family":"Ayele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Rheumatology, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39127.608299.80"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.299.6.656"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199072080-00008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-018-2234-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1539\/joh.48.69"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4178\/epih.e2021025"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","first-page":"10","article-title":"The prevalence of neck pain in the world: a systematic review and meta-analysis of population studies","volume":"7","author":"Fejer R","year":"2006","unstructured":"Fejer R, Kyvik KO, Hartvigsen J. 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