{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T15:52:40Z","timestamp":1792425160266,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762128000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762128000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study evaluated the validity of the HALO\u2122 digital goniometer compared to the Cervical Range of Motion (CROM\u2122) device for assessing cervical range of motion (ROM) in a sample of 20 patients with cervicogenic headache (CGH).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ROM was measured simultaneously using both devices across six movement planes at two time points, at baseline and 4 weeks later. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to assess agreement, and Bland-Altman analyses evaluated measurement bias.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Results showed excellent to good agreement between the HALO\u2122 and CROM\u2122 for most movements (ICC\u2009=\u20090.880 to 0.994), with flexion, extension, and left rotation demonstrating excellent reliability (ICC\u2009&gt;\u20090.9). Left side flexion and right rotation showed good agreement (ICC\u2009=\u20090.888 and 0.880, respectively), while right side flexion had lower (moderate) agreement (ICC\u2009=\u20090.688, 95% CI [\u22120.073 to 0.902]). Bland-Altman analysis indicated that the HALO\u2122 tended to slightly overestimate ROM in several directions, with statistically significant yet clinically negligible (&lt;5\u00b0 difference) biases for flexion, side flexion, and right rotation, indicating that the clinical interchangeability between the two devices may be limited for these movements.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The HALO\u2122 demonstrated good validity compared to the CROM\u2122 for measuring cervical ROM in individuals with CGH. Both its portability and ease of use make it a viable alternative. However, variability observed in side flexion and the modest sample size suggest that caution is warranted, and further validation in larger and more diverse populations is needed before it can be considered interchangeable with the CROM\u2122.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10538127251391088","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T17:59:55Z","timestamp":1762192795000},"page":"687-695","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Validity of the HALO\n                    <sup>TM<\/sup>\n                    digital goniometer for measuring cervical range of motion: A comparative study with the cervical range of Motion\n                    <sup>TM<\/sup>\n                    device"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6392-6113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nathalie","family":"Desmarais","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5248-9715","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean-Philippe","family":"Paquin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Therapy Teaching Unit, Health Sciences Department, Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Chicoutimi (UQAC), Saguenay, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1133-8707","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yannick","family":"Tousignant-Laflamme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1529-9430(01)00024-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102410368442"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-016-0699-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2007.01288.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2017.0302"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","volume-title":"Neuroanatomy through clinical cases","author":"Blumenfeld H","year":"2018","unstructured":"Blumenfeld H. Neuroanatomy through clinical cases. 2nd ed. \u00c9tats-Unis: OXford University Press, 2018.","edition":"2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2016.31.4.479"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(09)70209-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-005-0061-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102417738202"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physio.2014.04.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2009.12.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2008.03.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","first-page":"77","volume-title":"Orthopaedic physical therapy","author":"Stratton S","year":"1994","unstructured":"Stratton S, Bryan J. Dysfunction, evaluation and treatment of the cervical spine and thoracic inlet. Orthopaedic physical therapy. NY, USA: Churchill Livingstone, 1994, pp.77\u2013122."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2006.06.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10194-010-0222-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10669817.2020.1864960"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","unstructured":"Halo Digital Goniometer - Halo Medical Devices https:\/\/halomedicaldevices.com\/ (accessed 25 February 2025)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","unstructured":"HALO V Robot Professor W. Walsh https:\/\/vimeo.com\/229837254 (2017 accessed 25 February 2025)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09593985.2015.1027070"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26603\/ijspt20180707"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40634-018-0161-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","unstructured":"Forde C Johnston L Longo E et al. 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