{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T12:53:01Z","timestamp":1782391981744,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770163200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"oint Funds for the innovation of science and Technology, Fujian province","award":["2021Y9130"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021Y9130"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005230","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX0197"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX0197"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005230","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005230","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CSTB2024TIAD-GPX0030"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSTB2024TIAD-GPX0030"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005230","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024M763909"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024M763909"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Special Funding for Postdoctoral Research Projects in Chongqing","award":["2023CQBSHTB3155"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023CQBSHTB3155"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Upper limb motor impairment after stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability. This single-center pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) evaluated the safety, feasibility, and preliminary efficacy of intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) combined with task-oriented training (TOT) for upper limb rehabilitation. iTBS, a non-invasive brain stimulation technique, may enhance recovery when paired with task-oriented training (TOT), particularly in the subacute phase of heightened neuroplasticity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty-nine patients with subacute stroke were randomized into three groups: (1) iTBS + TOT (n\u2009=\u200910), (2) sham iTBS + TOT (n\u2009=\u20099), and (3) traditional physiotherapy (n\u2009=\u200910). All underwent a 4-week intervention. Primary outcomes were safety and feasibility. Secondary outcomes included motor impairment (Fugl-Meyer Assessment for Upper Extremity, FMA-UE), functional independence (Modified Barthel Index, MBI), and neurological deficit (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, NIHSS), assessed at baseline, week 2, and week 4.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty-nine participants completed the trial without any adverse events, and one participant from Group 2 discontinued early due to discharge. At week 4, the iTBS + TOT group showed greater improvements in FMA-UE (22.9 points vs. 3.6 and 10.2; p\u2009=\u20090.013; p\u2009=\u20090.013), NIHSS (3.0 vs 6.6; p\u2009=\u20090.009), and MBI (90.7 vs 51.4; p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) compared with controls, indicating potential functional benefits.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This exploratory pilot RCT suggests that combining iTBS with TOT is safe and feasible, with preliminary evidence supporting its potential to improve upper limb recovery in subacute stroke. However, these findings should be interpreted with caution and validated in larger, adequately powered trials.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10538127251412515","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T18:12:40Z","timestamp":1770228760000},"page":"1485-1498","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Feasibility, safety, and preliminary efficacy of intermittent theta burst stimulation combined with task-oriented training in subacute stroke: A pilot randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8808-3958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatima","family":"Rida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yali","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Botao","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"An","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lehua","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001209"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijs.12100"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/305236"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.12221"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000238594.91938.1e"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09638280500534861"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.10848"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","article-title":"Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in stroke: a literature review of the current role and controversies of neurorehabilitation through electromagnetic pulses","volume":"15","author":"Vallejo P","year":"2023","unstructured":"Vallejo P, Cueva E, Mart\u00ednez-Lozada P. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in stroke: a literature review of the current role and controversies of neurorehabilitation through electromagnetic pulses. Cureus 2023; 15: e0000.","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0000000000000098"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1747-4949.2012.00967.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1747493017714176"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2169"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182436558"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-016-0456-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","first-page":"7119","article-title":"Single session of intermittent theta burst stimulation alters brain activity of patients in vegetative state","volume":"16","author":"Huang Y","year":"2024","unstructured":"Huang Y, Xia X, Meng X. Single session of intermittent theta burst stimulation alters brain activity of patients in vegetative state. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16: 7119\u20137128.","journal-title":"Aging (Albany NY)"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2024.104043"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000217417.89347.63"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1092-4388(2008\/018)"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/128641"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2648.2008.04925.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968310368963"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0b013e32835c5ba0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","first-page":"504910","article-title":"Does task-oriented practice improve upper extremity motor recovery after stroke? A systematic review","volume":"2014","author":"Bosch J","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bosch J, O\u2019Donnell MJ, Barreca S. Does task-oriented practice improve upper extremity motor recovery after stroke? A systematic review. Int Sch Res Notices 2014; 2014: 504910.","journal-title":"Int Sch Res Notices"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-0003-6-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11940-024-00823-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurom.2025.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-8-18"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.12.033"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","article-title":"Modulation of the disturbed motor network in dystonia by multisession suppression of premotor cortex","volume":"7","author":"Huang YZ","year":"2012","unstructured":"Huang YZ, Lu CS, Rothwell JC. Modulation of the disturbed motor network in dystonia by multisession suppression of premotor cortex. PLoS One 2012; 7: e47574.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2006.10.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.583278"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2022.114086"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(00)01110-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Upper-extremity task-specific training after stroke or disability","author":"Birkenmeier RL","year":"2013","unstructured":"Birkenmeier RL, Lang CE. Upper-extremity task-specific training after stroke or disability. Bethesda: AOTA Press, 2013, pp.1\u2013200."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.31.82"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215518820896"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","article-title":"Physical rehabilitation approaches for the recovery of function and mobility following stroke","volume":"2014","author":"Pollock A","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pollock A, Baer G, Campbell P. Physical rehabilitation approaches for the recovery of function and mobility following stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014; 2014: CD001920.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Guideline for good clinical practice E6 (R1)","volume":"4","author":"ICH Harmonisation","year":"1996","unstructured":"ICH Harmonisation. Guideline for good clinical practice E6 (R1). ICH Harmon Tripart Guidel 1996; 4: 1\u201330.","journal-title":"ICH Harmon Tripart Guidel"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12786\/bn.2021.14.e6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/1650197771331"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.592766"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968313491000"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/0269215505cr832oa"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2007.12.041"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.31.917"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(89)90065-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968306294729"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.20.7.864"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.25.11.2220"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.113.001255"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12082950"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2017.00469"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2021.755709"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2019.00792"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-49478-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00762.2018"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-019-1302-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.964627"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2019.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2014.00378"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12984-021-00885-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.121.037870"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2012.04.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2023.1272003"}],"container-title":["Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10538127251412515","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/10538127251412515","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10538127251412515","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T12:18:53Z","timestamp":1782389933000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/10538127251412515"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/10538127251412515"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10538127251412515","relation":{},"ISSN":["1053-8127","1878-6324"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1053-8127","type":"print"},{"value":"1878-6324","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]]}}}