{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T00:13:12Z","timestamp":1787875992089,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002608","name":"Daegu University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022-0363"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022-0363"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002608","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Currently, no studies have investigated the effectiveness of combining trunk stabilization exercises with lower extremity strength training in amateur golfers with low back pain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a rehabilitation program incorporating trunk stabilization exercises and lower extremity strength training on pain, disability, balance, and golf performance in amateur golfers with nonspecific LBP (NSLBP).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Amateur golfers with NSLBP (n\u2009=\u200930) were randomly assigned to either the experimental group (EG; n\u2009=\u200915) or the control group (CG; n\u2009=\u200915). The EG participated in a rehabilitation program that included trunk stabilization exercises and lower extremity strengthening exercises, while the CG performed golf swing exercises and stretching. Both groups trained for the same duration\u201440\u2005min\/day, four times per week, for 6 weeks.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An interaction effect was found in visual analog scale and Oswestry Disability Index scores (p\u2009&lt;\u2009.05), and EG was significantly reduced more than CG. In balance ability, an interaction effect was found in total balance ability in the eyes-open condition, and left\u2013right balance, pressure area, and total balance ability in the eyes-closed condition (p\u2009&lt;\u2009.05), and balance ability improved more in EG than CG. In golf performance, an interaction effect was found in driver distance and ball speed (p\u2009&lt;\u2009.05), and both EG and CG improved.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings indicate that a rehabilitation program combining trunk stabilization exercises and lower extremity strengthening exercises is more effective than general swing exercises and stretching in improving pain, disability, balance in amateur golfers with NSLBP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10538127251412593","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T08:08:12Z","timestamp":1768810092000},"page":"1063-1075","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Effects of trunk stabilization and lower extremity strength training on pain, disability, balance and golf performance in amateur golfers with nonspecific low back pain"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Na-Yeon","family":"Kang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, College of Rehabilitation Science, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8817-6913","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sang-Cheol","family":"Im","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, College of Rehabilitation Science, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seong-Wook","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Rehabilitation, Daegu Health College, Daegu, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geon-Woo","family":"Sim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, College of Rehabilitation Science, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chung-Hyun","family":"Son","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, College of Rehabilitation Science, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang-Hun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, College of Rehabilitation Science, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae-Hun","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, College of Rehabilitation Science, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyoung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, College of Rehabilitation Science, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12178-022-09787-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22251\/jlcci.2018.18.1.279"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00222895.2016.1271297"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2016-096625"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-15-00433"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smhs.2020.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1941738118795425"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11227-021-03732-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1941738110365129"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","first-page":"109","article-title":"Effects of golf specific warm-up on flexibility and driver performance in high school elite golf players","volume":"23","author":"Kim K","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kim K. 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