{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T12:53:48Z","timestamp":1782392028025,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772150400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The effects of yoga on pain, functional limitations, and biomechanical\/impairment deficits in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) remain inconclusive.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To conduct a three-level meta-analysis that retains all eligible effect sizes to evaluate the effects of yoga on KOA and examine potential moderators.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Five Chinese- and English-language databases were searched from inception to 28 August 2025. Risk of bias was assessed with RoB 2, and certainty of evidence with GRADEpro. Pooled effects were estimated using R (metafor). Influence diagnostics, sensitivity analyses, moderator analyses, and publication-bias tests (Egger's test, funnel plots) were performed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fourteen studies (n\u2009=\u20091183) were included. Low-certainty evidence showed that yoga improved pain (g\u2009=\u2009-0.79, 95% CI \u22121.24 to \u22120.35) and physical function (g\u2009=\u2009-0.39, 95% CI \u22120.57 to \u22120.21). Very-low-certainty evidence indicated benefits for biomechanical\/impairment outcomes (g\u2009=\u2009-0.56, 95% CI \u22120.85 to \u22120.26). Weekly session frequency moderated pain outcomes, with 4\u20137 sessions\/week producing the largest effects (g\u2009=\u2009-1.53). Programs lasting \u22658 weeks were required for consistent analgesic benefit.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Yoga may provide beneficial effects on pain, physical function, and biomechanical\/impairment outcomes in individuals with KOA. Evidence suggests that programs delivered on most days of the week (\u22654 sessions\/week) and lasting at least 8 weeks are associated with greater pain reduction. Yoga may serve as a feasible and acceptable adjunct to pharmacologic care and established exercise therapies; however, these conclusions should be interpreted cautiously in light of study quality and heterogeneity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10538127261421867","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T05:43:31Z","timestamp":1772257411000},"page":"1170-1185","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Effects of yoga on pain, physical function, and biomechanical\/impairment outcomes in knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review and three-level meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0844-9673","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jilan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia"},{"name":"Department of physical education, China university of petroleum (Huadong), Qingdao City, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0438-115X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohd Nidzam","family":"Jawis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1080-5198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shiming","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education Basic Education Center, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)30417-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1903768"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2019.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.25158"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16234701"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18168864"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-022-03201-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2665-9913(23)00163-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.181194"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.2023-0818"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2006.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-127-2-199707150-00001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.61.7.617"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","article-title":"Osteoarthritis management: updated guidelines from the American college of rheumatology and arthritis foundation","volume":"103","author":"Buelt A","year":"2021","unstructured":"Buelt A, Narducci DM. 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