{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T11:37:47Z","timestamp":1792841867442,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Deanship of Scientific Research (DSR) at King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","award":["This Project was funded by the Deanship of Scienti"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["This Project was funded by the Deanship of Scienti"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02ma4wv74","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Central sensitization (CS) is increasingly recognized as a key contributor to persistent shoulder pain. While self-report tools such as the Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI) and the Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire (PSQ) are commonly used to assess CS, the psychometric properties of these tools have not been established in individuals with shoulder pain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to examine the convergent validity and test\u2013retest reliability of the CSI and PSQ by comparing them with objective pain sensitivity measures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifty-three adults with chronic shoulder pain completed the CSI and PSQ and underwent quantitative sensory testing including pressure pain threshold (PPT) and mechanical temporal summation (TS), while sensitivity to movement-evoked pain (SMEP) was assessed using a repetitive lifting task. Convergent validity was assessed using correlations analysis. Test\u2013retest reliability was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC 3,1) and standard error of measurement (SEM).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The PSQ-Total (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.30) and PSQ-Minor (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.34) scores were significantly associated with SMEP at the symptomatic shoulder. No statistically significant associations were found between the CSI and QST or SMEP measures. Both the CSI and PSQ demonstrated moderate to excellent test\u2013retest reliability (ICC range: 0.75\u20130.94).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The PSQ demonstrated good reliability with modest convergent validity in assessing pain sensitivity during movement in individuals with shoulder pain. In contrast, the CSI did not correlate with objective measures, suggesting the CSI may assesses related but distinct constructs rather than direct measures of CS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10538127261466486","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T13:46:59Z","timestamp":1782913619000},"page":"2146-2156","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Psychometrics properties of self-reported pain sensitivity measures in individuals with shoulder pain"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4502-5151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdullah","family":"Alqarni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Therapy Department, Faculty of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6764-7058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rani","family":"Othman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Therapy Department, Faculty of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/38.2.160"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2012-091492"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2004.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1532-2149.2014.499.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0b013e31826f9a71"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2014.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/papr.12502"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2014.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.1140"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.36076\/ppj.2014\/17\/447"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pme.12230"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2009.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2005.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001431"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/papr.13152"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2018.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.11.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1533-2500.2011.00493.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2009.06.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AAP.0000000000000007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpain.2024.1339449"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11010151"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S131479"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S456551"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","first-page":"129","article-title":"Pain assessment: global use of the brief pain inventory","volume":"23","author":"Cleeland CS","year":"1994","unstructured":"Cleeland CS, Ryan KM. 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