{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T12:00:49Z","timestamp":1790942449359,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790640000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CKQ-based kinesiophobia-related factors may reflect biological and psychological barriers to movement in low back pain (LBP). Their association with problematic internet use in adults with non-specific LBP remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine the association between problematic internet use and CKQ-based kinesiophobia-related factor scores in adults aged 18\u201345 years with non-specific LBP, with pain intensity as a secondary variable.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This single-center, cross-sectional study included 140 adults aged 18\u201345 years presenting to a family medicine outpatient clinic between June 3 and July 3, 2024. CKQ mean score was the primary outcome. Problematic internet use was assessed using the Young Internet Addiction Test\u2013Short Form (YIAT-SF), and pain intensity using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Spearman correlations, pain-group comparisons, and multivariable regression were performed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mean VAS, YIAT-SF, and CKQ mean scores were 4.20\u2009\u00b1\u20092.49, 29.37\u2009\u00b1\u200910.29, and 2.61\u2009\u00b1\u20090.97, respectively. YIAT-SF correlated positively with CKQ mean score (r\u2009=\u20090.579, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). VAS pain intensity showed a weak positive correlation with CKQ mean score (r\u2009=\u20090.179, p\u2009=\u20090.035). Moderate pain was associated with higher YIAT-SF and CKQ mean scores than mild pain, but the severe pain group did not consistently show the highest scores. In regression, YIAT-SF showed the strongest association with CKQ mean score (standardized \u03b2=0.547, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Problematic internet use was associated with higher CKQ mean scores in adults aged 18\u201345 years with non-specific LBP. Pain-intensity findings were weaker and did not indicate a clear dose-response pattern. Longitudinal studies are needed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10538127261494714","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T14:50:27Z","timestamp":1790693427000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association between problematic internet use and kinesiophobia-related factors in adults aged 18\u201345 years With non-specific low back pain: A cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2764-9827","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zeynep","family":"Akta\u015f Meliko\u011flu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gaziosmanpa\u015fa Training and Research Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4398-0817","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdullah Ozan","family":"Polat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gaziosmanpa\u015fa Training and Research Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5222-9136","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Okcan","family":"Basat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gaziosmanpa\u015fa Training and Research Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of low back pain, 1990\u20132020, its attributable risk factors, and projections to 2050: a systematic analysis of the global burden of disease study 2021","volume":"5","author":"GBD 2021 Low Back Pain Collaborators","year":"2023","unstructured":"GBD 2021 Low Back Pain Collaborators. Global, regional, and national burden of low back pain, 1990\u20132020, its attributable risk factors, and projections to 2050: a systematic analysis of the global burden of disease study 2021. Lancet Rheumatol 2023; 5: e316\u2013e329.","journal-title":"Lancet Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30480-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","first-page":"35","article-title":"Kinesiophobia: a new view of chronic pain behavior","volume":"3","author":"Kori SH","year":"1990","unstructured":"Kori SH, Miller RP, Todd DD. Kinesiophobia: a new view of chronic pain behavior. Pain Manag 1990; 3: 35\u201343.","journal-title":"Pain Manag"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-clinpsy-050718-095744"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/bjha-2014-0028"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","first-page":"64","article-title":"Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the causes of kinesiophobia questionnaire","volume":"7","author":"\u00c7ay\u0131r M","year":"2020","unstructured":"\u00c7ay\u0131r M, Durut\u00fcrk NA, Tekindal MA. Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the causes of kinesiophobia questionnaire. J Exerc Ther Rehabil 2020; 7: 64\u201373.","journal-title":"J Exerc Ther Rehabil"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02673843.2016.1227716"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2013.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000994"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2019.01959"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18136718"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chbr.2024.100506"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2012.10.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5455\/apd.190501"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20543","article-title":"Measures of adult pain: visual analog scale for pain, numeric rating scale for pain, McGill pain questionnaire, short-form McGill pain questionnaire, chronic pain grade scale, short form-36 bodily pain scale, and measure of intermittent and constant osteoarthritis pain","volume":"63","author":"Hawker GA","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hawker GA, Mian S, Kendzerska T, et al. Measures of adult pain: visual analog scale for pain, numeric rating scale for pain, McGill pain questionnaire, short-form McGill pain questionnaire, chronic pain grade scale, short form-36 bodily pain scale, and measure of intermittent and constant osteoarthritis pain. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2011; 63: S240\u2013S252.","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","first-page":"202","article-title":"The examination of relationship between smartphone and internet addiction and upper extremity functional activity levels among nursing students","volume":"8","author":"Y\u0131lmaz D","year":"2017","unstructured":"Y\u0131lmaz D, G\u00f6kdere \u00c7\u0131nar H, \u00d6zyaz\u0131c\u0131o\u011flu N. The examination of relationship between smartphone and internet addiction and upper extremity functional activity levels among nursing students. J Health Sci 2017; 8: 202\u2013209.","journal-title":"J Health Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2014.09.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12966-021-01191-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/BMR-220365"}],"container-title":["Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10538127261494714","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/10538127261494714","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10538127261494714","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T11:47:23Z","timestamp":1790941643000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/10538127261494714"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]},"references-count":19,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/10538127261494714"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10538127261494714","relation":{},"ISSN":["1053-8127","1878-6324"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1053-8127","type":"print"},{"value":"1878-6324","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]},"article-number":"10538127261494714"}}