{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T21:26:53Z","timestamp":1777930013860,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,4]],"date-time":"2025-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743724800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["NeuroRehabilitation: An International, Interdisciplinary Journal"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The atypical upper limb (UL) flexion pattern in children with unilateral cerebral palsy (UCP) debilitates their ability to experience natural weight bearing through arms and hands, leading to restricted mobility and reduced hand functions. The recommended therapeutic strategies to improve hand functions are not standardized, i.e., (varied protocols, treatment schedules, and frequency), though the benefits of UL weight-bearing on hand-opening and prehension skills are well-documented.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To study the efficacy of Static weight bearing (SWB) in Prone on UL with active elbow extension versus modified-constrained induced movement therapy (m-CIMT) on hand functions in children with UCP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Randomized clinical trial. Subjects (N\u2009=\u200938) were randomized equally (group- 1, SWB, n\u2009=\u200919; and group- 2, m-CIMT, n\u2009=\u200919). Outcome measure- Fine Motor of PDMS-2 (FM_PDMS-2) pre-and post-interventions after 2 weeks.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The percentage change (post-intervention) for the Grasping and VMI subtests in the SWB group were 37.67% and 14.11%, while for the m-CIMT group were 12.78% and 4.88%, respectively. These changes were highly significant (p 0.000).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both groups, i.e., SWB and m-CIMT, showed significant differences in the percentage change post-intervention. However, the SWB group demonstrated augmented changes over the m-CIMT on both subtests of FM_PDMS-2, hence greater improvement in hand functions following SWB exercises.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10538135251329200","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,4]],"date-time":"2025-04-04T07:38:31Z","timestamp":1743752311000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Hand Functions Following Prone-weight Bearing on Upper Limb with Active Elbow Extension versus Modified Constraint Induced Movement Therapy in Children with Unilateral Cerebral Palsy - A Randomised Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7587-8414","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amitesh","family":"Narayan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, Manipal, 576 104, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5656-5790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruth","family":"Bavighar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, Manipal, 576 104, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7046-8619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shyam","family":"Krishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, Manipal, 576 104, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7235-353X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdulaziz","family":"Alammari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7943-2644","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shrikanth D","family":"Karnad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, Manipal, 576 104, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0035-8478","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deepalaxmi Paresh","family":"Poojari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, Manipal, 576 104, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmhg.2014.07.005"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_4_3_1","first-page":"48","article-title":"Hand functioning in children with cerebral palsy","volume":"9","author":"Arnould C.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Arnould C., Bleyenheuft Y., Thonnard J. L. (2014). Hand functioning in children with cerebral palsy. Frontiers in Neurology, 9(5), 48. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2014.00048","journal-title":"Frontiers in Neurology"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2014.00281"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_1","first-page":"6","volume-title":"Management of the motor disorders of children with cerebral palsy","author":"Bobath K.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Bobath K., Bobath B. (1984). The neurodevelopmental treatment. In D. Scrutton (Ed.), Management of the motor disorders of children with cerebral palsy (pp. 6\u201318). Blackwell Scientific Publications Ltd: Oxford."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_1","first-page":"27","volume-title":"Improving upper body control: An approach to assessment and treatment of tonal dysfunction","author":"Boehme R.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Boehme R. (1988). Improving upper body control: An approach to assessment and treatment of tonal dysfunction (pp. 27\u201357). Tucson: Therapy Skill Builders."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9993(94)90110-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.14143"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1993.tb11626.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0735-09.2009"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1992.tb14994.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1995.tb11933.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12589"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.13119"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/NP.2003.93"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21108"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.57.9.1543"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1198-12.2012"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12304"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-0886"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4102\/sajp.v38i1.721"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12205"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4102\/sajp.v66i2.64"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-50592-3_108-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215506073494"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_1","first-page":"31","volume-title":"Physical therapy services in the developmental disabilities","author":"Pearson P. H.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Pearson P. H., Williams C. E. (1972). Physical therapy services in the developmental disabilities (pp. 31\u2013185). Springfield, IL."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PEP.0b013e3180302111"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-0675"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2017.00495"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01063.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/J006v09n02_05"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_1","first-page":"125","volume-title":"Posture and movement of the child with cerebral palsy","author":"Stamer M. H.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Stamer M. H. (2000). Congenital hemiplegia- typical posture and movement strategies. In M. H. Stamer (Ed.), Posture and movement of the child with cerebral palsy (pp. 125\u2013139). Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Therapy Skill Builders."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215511411936"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/oti.11"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-0095"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20050259"}],"container-title":["NeuroRehabilitation: An International, Interdisciplinary Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10538135251329200","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/10538135251329200","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10538135251329200","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T00:00:45Z","timestamp":1777680045000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.1177\/10538135251329200"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,4]]},"references-count":36,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/10538135251329200"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10538135251329200","relation":{},"ISSN":["1053-8135","1878-6448"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1053-8135","type":"print"},{"value":"1878-6448","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,4]]},"article-number":"10538135251329200"}}