{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T21:27:08Z","timestamp":1777930028323,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768262400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital","award":["Physiotherapy Department Research Grant"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Physiotherapy Department Research Grant"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["NeuroRehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lower limb spasticity (LLS), as part of the upper motor neuron syndrome, can adversely affect function, gait, and quality of life (QOL). A multidisciplinary team (MDT) approach is recommended however, the effects of a coordinated MDT clinic on LLS and ambulation in a mixed neurological population has not been investigated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study evaluated: i) clinical and service outcomes of a pragmatic outpatient MDT spasticity service; and ii) patient service satisfaction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this prospective pre-post observational study, 37 participants from a mixed neurological population with LLS received an individualised treatment protocol. Gait speed (10-metre walk test), dynamic balance (Timed-Up and Go), Quality of Life (AQoL-8D), and spasticity-related lower limb function (Leg Activity Measure) were assessed at admission and discharge. Patient satisfaction surveys were completed. Wait times for orthotics were monitored.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Significant differences were observed in gait speed (median (IQR) 0.30 (0.16\u20130.39) seconds, p\u2009\u2264\u2009.001), dynamic balance (median (IQR) 3.87 (2.02\u20138.59) seconds, p\u2009\u2264\u2009.001), and lower limb function (median (IQR) 9.00 (\u22124.00\u201326.00), p\u2009=\u20090.006) following intervention. QOL improved (median (IQR) \u22120.70 (\u22128.5\u20132.10), however this change did not reach statistical significance (p\u2009=\u20090.206). Over 85% of participants reported service satisfaction. Orthotic wait times reduced, with 64.7% assessed and 52.9% fitted within two weeks of referral.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An individualised LLS treatment protocol delivered by a collaborative MDT can improve gait speed, dynamic balance, and lower limb function in a mixed neurological population, while also reducing orthotic wait times. Further research is recommended to explore potential QOL interventions for individuals with LLS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10538135251407107","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T18:44:04Z","timestamp":1768329844000},"page":"188-199","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of a Multidisciplinary Lower Limb Spasticity Clinic on Gait Speed, Dynamic Balance, Quality of Life, and Service Outcomes in a Neurological Outpatient Setting; a Pragmatic pre-Post Observational Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-1352-2446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela","family":"Williamson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia"},{"name":"Physiotherapy Department, The Surgical Treatment and Rehabilitation Service, Herston, Queensland, Australia"},{"name":"College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2681-3101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Window","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiotherapy Department, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia"},{"name":"STARS Education and Research Alliance, Surgical Treatment and Rehabilitation Service, The University of Queensland and Metro North Health, Brisbane, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"McLeod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia"},{"name":"Physiotherapy Department, The Surgical Treatment and Rehabilitation Service, Herston, Queensland, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kristen","family":"Petrovski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5878-7649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maayken","family":"van den Berg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2019.1643933"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2020.1742803"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/NRE-131000"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09638288.2012.717579"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci12040454"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.28208"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-95449-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2019.1682066"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins10120532"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_3_11_1","first-page":"406","article-title":"Color Doppler ultrasound-guided botulinum toxin type A injection combined with an ankle foot brace for treating lower limb spasticity after a stroke","volume":"19","author":"Ding X.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ding X., Zhang G., Chen H., Wang W., Song J., Fu D. 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