{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T21:43:57Z","timestamp":1782164637286,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,14]],"date-time":"2017-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513209600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Study the prevalence of otologic disease in a pediatric post-palatoplasty population with no prior ear tube placement in resource-deprived countries and assess patient characteristics associated with these abnormal results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective data review.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ecuadorian and Chinese children identified during humanitarian cleft lip and palate repair trips with cleft palates undergoing palatoplasty from 2007 to 2010.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interventions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Tympanometry and otoacoustic emission (OAE) testing performed following palatoplasty. Patients\u2019 parents administered surveys regarding perceived hearing deficits.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcome Measures:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Age, gender, Veau classification, follow-up time, laterality, and country of origin were evaluated for possible association with type B tympanogram, \u201cRefer\u201d Otoacoustic results, and presence of hearing difficulty as identified by a parent. Significant predictors were further evaluated with multivariate analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The cohorts included 237 patients (129 Ecuadorian, 108 Chinese); mean age: 3.9 years; mean follow-up: 4.2 years. Thirty-nine percent scored type B, 38% failed OAE testing, and 8% of parents noted hearing deficits. The country of origin and a younger age were identified as predictive variables regarding type B tympanogram. Follow-up time, country of origin, and bilateral OAE \u201cRefer\u201d results all significantly predicted parental questionnaire results. Subsequent multivariable analysis further demonstrated effect modification between the 2 variables of age at palatoplasty and country of origin when predicting type B vs type A tympanometry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Without otologic intervention, cleft palate children in resource-deprived settings suffer type B tympanometry and failed OAE results with similar to increased incidences to other studied cleft palate populations with otologic interventions available.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1055665617726998","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,19]],"date-time":"2018-01-19T12:44:55Z","timestamp":1516365895000},"page":"162-167","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Otologic Disease Following Palatoplasty In International Cleft Palate Cohort"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Jeff","family":"Markey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of O-HNS, Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Maine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCSF Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimberly","family":"Daniels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily Yang","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCSF Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Gregory","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCSF Department of Anesthesia, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Hoffman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Palacios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Guayaquil, Guayaquil, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1055665617726998","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489.2011.652309"},{"key":"bibr2-1055665617726998","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000148223.45374.ec"},{"key":"bibr3-1055665617726998","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.22425"},{"key":"bibr4-1055665617726998","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/014107688808101209"},{"key":"bibr5-1055665617726998","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0034-72992008000200015"},{"key":"bibr6-1055665617726998","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2009.07.015"},{"key":"bibr7-1055665617726998","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.23839"},{"key":"bibr8-1055665617726998","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5876(88)90066-3"},{"key":"bibr9-1055665617726998","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.63.2.176"},{"key":"bibr10-1055665617726998","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5876(96)01412-7"},{"key":"bibr11-1055665617726998","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/0022215011907668"},{"key":"bibr12-1055665617726998","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.97.4.529","volume":"97","author":"Jocelyn 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