{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T14:00:55Z","timestamp":1787061655192,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,8]],"date-time":"2019-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1570492800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the timing, type, and associated adjunct procedures for secondary cleft rhinoplasty nationally.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data were extracted from a national database of all secondary cleft rhinoplasty procedures (Current Procedural Terminology [CPT] codes 30460 and 30462). Frequency statistics were utilized to analyze demographics, comorbidities, surgical procedures, and timing. Chi-squared analysis and Fisher exact test were used for analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>National Surgical Quality Improvement Program-Pediatric Database.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 1720 patients met inclusion criteria for secondary cleft rhinoplasty repair.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interventions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>No relevant intervention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcomes and Measures:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Age, demographics, comorbidities, and associated procedures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Over 5 consecutive years, 1720 patients underwent secondary cleft lip rhinoplasty nationally. Mean patient age was 9.3 \u00b1 5.3 years. Unilateral cleft rhinoplasty patients were older (9.0 years) than bilateral patients (7.8 years;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .001). Rib grafting was performed in 6.3% of patients at a mean age of 10.6 years with a higher proportion of Asian and female patients. Auricular grafts were more commonly performed by otolaryngology than plastic surgery. The most common adjunct procedures included secondary cleft lip revision (33.1%) and tympanostomy tube placement (10.2%). When subdividing by type of cleft rhinoplasty, tip rhinoplasty was performed at a mean age of 7.3 years compared to rhinoplasty with osteotomies and a major septal component at 12.1 years (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study reveals that a large proportion of cleft rhinoplasties are performed in skeletally immature patients. Although patients undergoing rib grafting, nasal osteotomies, and a major septal component were older, these procedures are still performed in a large proportion of patients who are younger than expected.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1055665619879830","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,9]],"date-time":"2019-10-09T00:09:53Z","timestamp":1570579793000},"page":"438-443","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Secondary Cleft Rhinoplasty in 1720 Patients: Are National Practices Consistent With Guidelines?"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Fouad","family":"Chouairi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sina J.","family":"Torabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyle S.","family":"Gabrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John A.","family":"Persing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5093-5790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Alperovich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000003475"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1319838"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2013.07.030"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3181b0385e"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20294"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2010.03.044"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001665-200307000-00033"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/2000656X.2011.643027"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_1","volume-title":"Pediatric Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery","author":"Greene A","year":"2018","unstructured":"Greene A. 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Plast Reconstr Surg, 2008:121(4 suppl):1\u201311. doi:10.1097\/01.prs.0000305955.67554.40.","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e3181b6c6fb"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001665-200503000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsc.2016.12.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000003297"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3181b98b5d"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60695-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e31829f4b81"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamafacial.2013.1562"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198604000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-36493"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-200204150-00031"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archfaci.1.1.40"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.10472"}],"container-title":["The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1055665619879830","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1055665619879830","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1055665619879830","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T16:20:18Z","timestamp":1777393218000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1055665619879830"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,8]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1055665619879830"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1055665619879830","relation":{},"ISSN":["1055-6656","1545-1569"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1055-6656","type":"print"},{"value":"1545-1569","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,8]]}}}