{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T08:31:05Z","timestamp":1777537865221,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,24]],"date-time":"2020-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1579824000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine pre- and postoperative prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in patients with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (DS) undergoing wide posterior pharyngeal flap (PPF) surgery for velopharyngeal dysfunction (VPD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective study using pre- and postoperative polysomnography (PSG) to determine prevalence of OSA. Medical records were reviewed for patients\u2019 medical comorbidities. Parents were surveyed about snoring.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Academic tertiary care pediatric hospital.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Forty patients with laboratory confirmed 22q11.2DS followed over a 6-year period.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interventions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pre- and postoperative PSG, speech evaluation, and parent surveys.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcome Measure:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Severity and prevalence of OSA, defined by obstructive apnea hypopnea index (OAHI), before and after PPF surgery to determine whether PPF is associated with increased risk of OSA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Mean OAHI did not change significantly after PPF surgery (1.1\/h vs 2.1\/h,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .330). Prevalence of clinically significant OSA (OAHI \u2265 5) was identical pre- and postoperatively (2 of 40), with both cases having severe-range OSA requiring positive airway pressure therapy. All other patients had mild-range OSA. Nasal resonance was graded as severe preoperatively in 85% of patients. None were graded as severe postoperatively. No single patient factor or parent-reported concern predicted risk of OSA (OAHI \u2265 1.5).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with 22q11.2DS are medically complex and are at increased risk of OSA at baseline. Wide PPF surgery for severe VPD does not significantly increase risk of OSA. Careful perioperative planning is essential to optimize both speech and sleep outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1055665619900871","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,24]],"date-time":"2020-01-24T04:53:47Z","timestamp":1579841627000},"page":"808-818","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Defining Risk of Postoperative Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Patients With 22q11.2DS Undergoing Pharyngeal Flap Surgery for Velopharyngeal Dysfunction Using Polysomnographic Evaluation"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2693-7144","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alfred","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian L.","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Perelman School of Medicine, the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cynthia","family":"Solot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Velopharyngeal Dysfunction Program, Center for Childhood Communication, Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Terrence B.","family":"Crowley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Human Genetics, Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vamsee","family":"Vemulapalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donna M.","family":"McDonald-McGinn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Human Genetics, Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meg Ann","family":"Maguire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thornton B. 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