{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T08:58:24Z","timestamp":1792400304287,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,5]],"date-time":"2020-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591315200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"\n Objective:<\/jats:title>\n Our study aims to compare the prevalence of stunted growth in Syrian refugee children with cleft lip and\/or palate (CL\u00b1CP) to other children with CL\u00b1CP of similar socioeconomic status.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design:<\/jats:title>\n A retrospective medical chart review.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Setting:<\/jats:title>\n Center for Cleft and Craniofacial Surgery at a tertiary care hospital in Lebanon in the period between January 2013 and May 2019.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Patients, Participants:<\/jats:title>\n One hundred three Syrian refugee children and 70 Lebanese children <18 years of low socioeconomic status who have CL, CP, or both.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Interventions:<\/jats:title>\n These patients underwent cleft repair surgeries at our center.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Main Outcome Measure(s):<\/jats:title>\n Stunted growth measured by calculating the height-for-age z-score (HAZ).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n Using a confidence interval of 95%, the prevalence of stunting is significantly higher among Syrian refugees (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .003). The prevalence of stunting and age of presentation were positively correlated (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .02). There was no difference in stunting between patients with CP and CL (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .746). There was no difference in stunting between genders.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n The majority of Syrian refugee patients with CL\u00b1CP fall on the malnourished side of the nutritional spectrum as reflected by the high percentage of stunting as well as a mean of \u22121 for the HAZ.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1055665620930450","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,5]],"date-time":"2020-06-05T07:41:21Z","timestamp":1591342881000},"page":"1166-1170","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Prevalence of Stunting in Syrian Refugee Children With Cleft Lip and\/or Cleft Palate in Time of Crisis: A Call for Intervention"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5391-3060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bachar F.","family":"Chaya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rawad","family":"Chalhoub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rola","family":"Jaafar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nour","family":"Nahhas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ghassan","family":"Abu-Sittah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980017000544"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","first-page":"638","article-title":"Nutritional status of women and child refugees from Syria-Jordan, April-May 2014","volume":"63","author":"Bilukha OO","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bilukha OO, Jayasekaran D, Burton A, Faender G, King\u2019ori K, Amiri M, Jessen D, Leidman E. Nutritional status of women and child refugees from Syria-Jordan, April-May 2014. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2014;63(1):638\u2013639.","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61690-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_1992_029_0475_gcbcwc_2.3.co_2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.00497"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-012-1126-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48029\/NJI.1985.LXXVI202"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2000.tb03362.x"},{"issue":"22","key":"e_1_3_2_10_1","article-title":"Malnutrition and the brain: changing concepts, changing concerns","volume":"125","author":"Levitsky DA","year":"1995","unstructured":"Levitsky DA, Strupp BJ. Malnutrition and the brain: changing concepts, changing concerns. J Nutr. 1995;125(22):2212s\u20132022s.","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.109.114504"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/05-185"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.047639"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_1","volume-title":"Cerebrum: The Dana Forum on Brain Science","author":"McEwen BS","year":"2011","unstructured":"McEwen BS. Effects of stress on the developing brain. Cerebrum: The Dana Forum on Brain Science. Dana Foundation; 2011."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/135.6.1415"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/14-003"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.2223\/JPED.1420","article-title":"Growth impairment of children with different types of lip and palate clefts in the first 2 years of life: a cross-sectional study","volume":"81","author":"Montagnoli LC","year":"2005","unstructured":"Montagnoli LC, Barbieri MA, Bettiol H, Marques IL, De Souza L. Growth impairment of children with different types of lip and palate clefts in the first 2 years of life: a cross-sectional study. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2005;81(3):461\u2013465.","journal-title":"J Pediatr (Rio J)"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0064636"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/2046905514Y.0000000158"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/02-148.1"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_21_1","first-page":"63","article-title":"Starvation of children in Syria\u2014sanctions and the politics of revenge","volume":"11","author":"Sen K","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sen K. Starvation of children in Syria\u2014sanctions and the politics of revenge. Indian J Med Ethics. 2014;11(3):63.","journal-title":"Indian J Med Ethics"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.162.7.612"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2014-3111"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_1","volume-title":"Tracking Progress on Child and Maternal Nutrition: A Survival and Development Priority (New York)","author":"UNICEF","year":"2009","unstructured":"UNICEF. Tracking Progress on Child and Maternal Nutrition: A Survival and Development Priority (New York); 2009."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61692-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-1519"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Global and regional trends by UN Regions 1990-2025 Stunting: 1990-2025. 2016. Accessed June 23 2019. http:\/\/apps.who.int\/gho\/data\/view.main.NUTUNSTUNTINGv?"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-1656"}],"container-title":["The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1055665620930450","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1055665620930450","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1055665620930450","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T16:20:15Z","timestamp":1777393215000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1055665620930450"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,5]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1055665620930450"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1055665620930450","relation":{},"ISSN":["1055-6656","1545-1569"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1055-6656","type":"print"},{"value":"1545-1569","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,5]]}}}