{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T23:52:02Z","timestamp":1788825122103,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,15]],"date-time":"2021-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613347200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Stichting In Face"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Parents of children with a medical condition and a visible difference can experience challenging situations. We evaluated distress and parenting stress in parents of children with a cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL\u00b1P) or a visible infantile hemangioma (IH).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross-sectional study took place in an academic medical hospital in Rotterdam, the Netherlands.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Three-hundred nine parents (mean age = 40.30, 56.00% mothers) of children with CL\u00b1P and 91 parents (mean age = 36.40, 58.24% mothers) of children with IH.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcome Measures:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Dutch version of the Parenting Stress Index\u00a0\u2013 Short Form and the subscales Anxiety, Depression, and Hostility of the Symptom Checklist\u00a0\u2013 90.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One sample t tests and mixed linear modeling were used. On average, parents of children with CL\u00b1P and of children with IH showed significantly lower parenting stress compared to normative data. Anxiety was significantly lower in parents of children with CL\u00b1P than that in the norm group. Visibility of the condition was not related to distress or parenting stress. Child behavioral problems were positively related to parenting stress, depression, and hostility.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Parents of children with CL\u00b1P and IH report less distress and parenting stress compared to the norm. On average, these parents seem well adjusted. A practical implication is to monitor parents of children with behavioral problems.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1055665621993298","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,15]],"date-time":"2021-02-15T04:33:51Z","timestamp":1613363631000},"page":"1536-1546","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Parenting Children With a Cleft Lip With or Without Palate or a Visible Infantile Hemangioma: A Cross-Sectional Study of Distress and Parenting Stress"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8361-8604","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"van Dalen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry\/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children\u2019s Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W.H.","family":"Leemreis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry\/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children\u2019s Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Kraaij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology, Leiden University, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.C.J.","family":"De Laat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children\u2019s Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.G.M.A.","family":"Pasmans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Centre of Pediatric Dermatology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children\u2019s Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.L.","family":"Versnel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Hand Surgery, The Dutch Craniofacial Centre, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children\u2019s Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.J.","family":"Koudstaal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Dutch Craniofacial Centre, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children\u2019s Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.H.J.","family":"Hillegers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry\/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children\u2019s Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.M.W.J.","family":"Utens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry\/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children\u2019s Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands"},{"name":"Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Academic Center for Child Psychiatry Levvel, Amsterdam, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7644-2548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.M.E.","family":"Okkerse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry\/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children\u2019s Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1055665621993298","volume-title":"Parenting Stress Index (PSI)","author":"Abidin RR","year":"1990"},{"key":"bibr2-1055665621993298","volume-title":"Parenting Stress Index: Manual, Administration Booklet,[and] Research Update","author":"Abidin RR","year":"1983"},{"key":"bibr3-1055665621993298","volume-title":"Manual for the ASEBA Preschool Forms and Profiles. 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