{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T10:42:10Z","timestamp":1788432130362,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]],"date-time":"2022-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645660800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018379","name":"VTCT Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018379","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study describes primary surgical reconstructions performed for children born with a cleft lip and\/or palate (CL\u2009\u00b1\u2009P) in the United Kingdom (UK).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data forms completed at the time of surgery included details on timing, technique, and adjuncts used during the operative period. Demographic data on participants were validated via parental questionnaires.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data were obtained from the Cleft Collective, a national longitudinal cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Between 2015 and 2021, 1782 Cleft Collective surgical forms were included, relating to the primary reconstructions of 1514 individual children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The median age at primary cheiloplasty was 4.3 months. Unilateral cleft lips (UCL) were reconstructed with an anatomical subunit approximation technique in 53%, whereas bilateral cleft lips (BCL) were reconstructed with a broader range of eponymous techniques. Clefts of the soft palate were reconstructed at a median age of 10.3 months with an intravelar veloplasty in 94% cases. Clefts of the hard palate were reconstructed with a vomer flap in 84% cases in a bimodal age distribution, relating to reconstruction carried out simultaneously with either lip or soft palate reconstruction. Antibiotics were used in 96% of cases, with an at-induction-only regimen used more commonly for cheiloplasties ( P\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) and a 5 to 7-day postoperative regime used more commonly for soft palatoplasties ( P\u2009&lt;\u2009.001). Perioperative steroids were used more commonly in palatoplasties than cheiloplasties ( P\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) but tranexamic acid use was equivalent ( P\u2009=\u2009.73).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study contributes to our understanding of current cleft surgical pathways in the UK and will provide a baseline for analysis of the effectiveness of utilized protocols.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10556656221078151","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]],"date-time":"2022-02-24T06:37:49Z","timestamp":1645684669000},"page":"679-688","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Current Surgical Practice for Children Born with a Cleft lip and\/or Palate in the United Kingdom"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7776-2877","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew","family":"Fell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Cleft Collective, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5279-3335","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alex","family":"Davies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South West Cleft Service, University Hospital Bristol and Weston, Bristol, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7234-0539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amy","family":"Davies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Cleft Collective, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaheel","family":"Chummun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South West Cleft Service, University Hospital Bristol and Weston, Bristol, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alistair R.M.","family":"Cobb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South West Cleft Service, University Hospital Bristol and Weston, Bristol, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9304-0399","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kanwalraj","family":"Moar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"East of England Cleft Lip and Palate Service, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1575-453X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yvonne","family":"Wren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South West Cleft Service, University Hospital Bristol and Weston, Bristol, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-10556656221078151","unstructured":"Cleft Registry and Audit Network (CRANE). Crane Database 2020 Annual Report. Accessed September 30, 2021. https:\/\/www.crane-database.org.uk\/reports\/crane-database-2020-annual-report\/."},{"key":"bibr2-10556656221078151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60695-4"},{"key":"bibr3-10556656221078151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_2001_038_0038_clapci_2.0.co_2"},{"key":"bibr4-10556656221078151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2015.06.010"},{"key":"bibr5-10556656221078151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_1992_029_0405_asciso_2.3.co_2"},{"key":"bibr6-10556656221078151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_1992_029_0398_asciso_2.3.co_2"},{"key":"bibr7-10556656221078151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_2002_039_0383_acotmo_2.0.co_2"},{"key":"bibr8-10556656221078151","unstructured":"National Health Service (NHS) England. Cleft Lip and\/or Palate Quality Dashboard 2018\/2019. 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