{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T05:58:00Z","timestamp":1793167080143,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,7]],"date-time":"2022-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644192000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The purpose of this study was to utilize a multicenter dataset to elucidate whether socioeconomic factors were associated with access to cleft lip surgery, treatment by higher-volume providers, and family choice for higher-volume centers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hospitals participating in the Pediatric Health Information System.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Primary cleft lip repair performed in the United States between 2010 and 2020.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Outcomes<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Travel distance, hospital volume, hospital choice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>During the study interval, 8954 patients underwent unilateral (78.4%, n\u2009\u2009=\u2009\u20097021) or bilateral (21.6%, n\u2009\u2009=\u2009\u20091933) primary cleft lip repair. Patients with unilateral cleft lip were repaired significantly earlier if they were White ( P\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) and significantly later if they lived in an urban community ( P\u2009\u2009=\u2009\u2009.043). Similarly, patients with bilateral cleft lip were repaired significantly earlier if they were White ( P\u2009&lt;\u2009.001). Patients from above-median income households ( P\u2009\u2009=\u2009\u2009.011) and living in urban communities ( P\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) were significantly more likely to be treated at high-volume hospitals, whereas those living in underserved communities ( P\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) were significantly less likely to be treated at high-volume hospitals. White patients were significantly more likely to be treated by high-volume surgeons ( P\u2009&lt;\u2009.001). Patients with White race were significantly more likely to choose a higher-volume hospital than the one most locally available ( P\u2009&lt;\u2009.001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with White race are more likely to travel farther and be treated by high-volume surgeons although at smaller hospitals. Patients from underserved areas travel significantly farther for cleft care and are treated at lower-volume hospitals. Patients in urban communities have shorter travel distances and are treated at higher-volume hospitals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10556656221078488","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,7]],"date-time":"2022-02-07T04:43:26Z","timestamp":1644209006000},"page":"657-662","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Socioeconomic Disparities in Cleft Lip Care"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Christopher L.","family":"Kalmar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth L.","family":"Malphrus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mychajlo S.","family":"Kosyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zachary D.","family":"Zapatero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2827-5471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jesse A.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-10556656221078488","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000005650"},{"key":"bibr2-10556656221078488","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000005740"},{"key":"bibr3-10556656221078488","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2010.10.002"},{"key":"bibr4-10556656221078488","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3182043af6"},{"key":"bibr5-10556656221078488","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2008.06.028"},{"key":"bibr6-10556656221078488","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ede.0000254430.61294.c0"},{"key":"bibr7-10556656221078488","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2015.302804"},{"key":"bibr8-10556656221078488","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000001910"},{"key":"bibr9-10556656221078488","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0036933014564133"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr10-10556656221078488","first-page":"15","volume":"46","author":"Kreder 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