{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T15:35:04Z","timestamp":1788363304609,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,28]],"date-time":"2022-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["5R01HD093660"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5R01HD093660"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017640","name":"Texas Department of State Health Services","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Title V Maternal and Child Health Block Grant"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Title V Maternal and Child Health Block Grant"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017640","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>To describe the current epidemiology of nonsyndromic cleft palate alone (CP) and cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL\u2009\u00b1\u2009P) in Texas and examine differences in the characteristics of infants with CP and CL\u2009\u00b1\u2009P based on the presence\/absence of additional defects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>We used data from the Texas Birth Defects Registry, a statewide active birth defect surveillance system, from 1815 cases with CP and 5066 with CL\u2009\u00b1\u2009P, without a syndrome diagnosis (1999-2014 deliveries). All live births in Texas were used for comparison. Poisson regression was used to calculate crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) for each characteristic, separately for each cleft subphenotype.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of CL\u2009\u00b1\u2009P and CP in our study was estimated as 8.3 and 3.0 per 10\u2005000 live births, respectively. After adjusting for several characteristics, several factors were associated with CL\u2009\u00b1\u2009P, CP, or both, including infant sex and maternal race\/ethnicity, age, smoking, and diabetes. There were several differences between infants with isolated versus nonisolated clefts. For example, maternal prepregnancy diabetes was associated with an increased prevalence of CL\u2009\u00b1\u2009P (aPR 7.91, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.53, 11.30) and CP (aPR 3.24, 95% CI: 1.43, 7.36), but only when additional defects were present.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>Findings from this study provide a contemporary description of the distribution of orofacial clefts in Texas accounting for differences between isolated and nonisolated clefts. They may contribute to increasing our understanding of the etiology of CP and CL\u2009\u00b1\u2009P.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10556656221080932","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,28]],"date-time":"2022-02-28T10:33:03Z","timestamp":1646044383000},"page":"789-803","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Epidemiology of Nonsyndromic, Orofacial Clefts in Texas: Differences by Cleft Type and Presence of Additional Defects"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6713-575X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Luisa","family":"Navarro Sanchez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael D.","family":"Swartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6765-4963","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter H.","family":"Langlois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Birth Defects Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark A.","family":"Canfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Birth Defects Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5874-4155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.J.","family":"Agopian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX, 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