{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T05:19:58Z","timestamp":1780377598861,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]],"date-time":"2024-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716508800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"\n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To determine the effect of ketorolac on opiate requirement and hospital length of stay after palatoplasty.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design<\/jats:title>\n This was a retrospective chart review.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Setting<\/jats:title>\n This study was completed at an urban tertiary medical center.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Patients<\/jats:title>\n Those who underwent palatoplasty with a pediatric otolaryngologist between 2010-2020.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Interventions<\/jats:title>\n Incorporation of standing Ketorolac into the immediate post-operative pain regimen.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Main outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n T-test analysis was performed to determine whether initiation of ketorolac within 24\u2005h post-palatoplasty was correlated with shorter length hospitalization or reduced opiate requirement.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n A total of 55 pediatric subjects (49.1% female) were included in this study. Average age at time of surgery was 13 months (range 9.9-33.9 months). On two tailed t-test, use of ketorolac within the first 24\u2005h after palatoplasty was associated with shorter length of stay (mean of 1.68 vs 2.57 days, t\u2009=\u20092.58,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u2009.01) and lower total opiate dosage during hospitalization (mean of 2.8 vs 9.16 morphine milligram equivalents, t\u2009=\u20093.37,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u2009.001).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Among patients undergoing palatoplasty, there is a significant relationship between the early utilization of ketorolac and decreased length of hospitalization as well as decreased opiate requirement. This has important consequences to help improve pain control with reduced opiates requirement as well as length of stay. Future prospective studies can help elicit the causative effect of Ketorolac on these parameters and can investigate whether use of Ketorolac has an effect on long term recovery and post-discharge opiate requirements as well.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10556656241250138","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,25]],"date-time":"2024-05-25T02:43:55Z","timestamp":1716605035000},"page":"1103-1106","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Early Utilization of Ketorolac in Cleft Palate Repair"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0207-4380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Michalowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center\/New York-Presbyterian Hospital and Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vikash","family":"Modi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-9185.175649"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","unstructured":"Food and drug administration requires strong warnings for opioid analgesics prescription opioid cough products and benzodiazepine labeling related to serious risks and death from combined use. U.S. Food and Drug Administration website. Published August 31 2016. https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/NewsEvents\/Newsroom\/Pressannouncements\/ucm518697.htm."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10556656221096631"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-012-9682-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9592.2010.03484.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199203000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2004.05.024"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5863\/1551-6776-26.3.240"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","article-title":"Intravenous ketorolac for postoperative analgesia in infants","volume":"17","author":"Buck ML","year":"2011","unstructured":"Buck ML. Intravenous ketorolac for postoperative analgesia in infants. Pediatric Pharmacotherapy. 2011;17(8).","journal-title":"Pediatric Pharmacotherapy"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-199512000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","first-page":"9","article-title":"Implementation of a modified enhanced recovery protocol in cleft palate repairs","author":"Hush SE","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hush SE, Chen J, Brady C, et al. Implementation of a modified enhanced recovery protocol in cleft palate repairs. J Craniofac Surg. 2019:9.","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1055665620932000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10556656211012864"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10556656211042168"}],"container-title":["The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10556656241250138","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/10556656241250138","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10556656241250138","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T16:21:50Z","timestamp":1777393310000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/10556656241250138"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/10556656241250138"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10556656241250138","relation":{},"ISSN":["1055-6656","1545-1569"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1055-6656","type":"print"},{"value":"1545-1569","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]]}}}