{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,11]],"date-time":"2026-11-11T05:09:59Z","timestamp":1794373799649,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,12]],"date-time":"2024-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723420800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020429","name":"Translational Impacts","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2036061"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2036061"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020429","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospectively validate the accuracy of smartphone-based digital cranial measurements for the diagnosis and treatment of deformational plagiocephaly and\/or brachycephaly (DPB), compared with calipers used in the standard of care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design\/Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bird's-eye-view head photos were captured via smartphone, and their heads were measured with hand calipers by an expert user. CI\/CVAI\/CVA were calculated from photos and caliper measurements, and from 3D photogrammetry of the head as ground truth. Digital and caliper measurements were compared against 3D-based ground truth using mean absolute error, Spearman correlation coefficient, and Bland-Altman method. Statistical significance between methods was assessed using Wilcoxon Rank-Sum test.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>71 infants aged 2\u201311 months (20 female, 51 male) with DPB<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The mean absolute errors for CI, CVAI, CVA were 1.63\u2009\u00b1\u20091.44, 1.45\u2009\u00b1\u20091.29, 2.38\u2009\u00b1\u20091.86 mm for smartphone, and 2.60\u2009\u00b1\u20091.96, 1.43\u2009\u00b1\u20091.22, 2.04\u2009\u00b1\u20091.81 mm for calipers, respectively. The correlation coefficients for CI, CVAI, CVA between smartphone and ground truth were 0.90, 0.94, 0.80 (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and 0.87, 0.93, 0.84 (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) between calipers and ground truth, respectively. Bland-Altman results were (0.08, [\u22124.18, 4.34]), (\u22120.05, [\u22123.85, 3.76]), (\u22120.82, [\u22126.52, 4.87]) for smartphone, and (1.41, [\u22124.34, 7.15]), (0.28, [\u22123.37, 3.94]), (0.16, [\u22125.18, 5.49]) for caliper measurements respectively. Digital and caliper measurements were similar (p\u2009=\u20090.12) except for CI, where digital measurements were more accurate (p\u2009=\u20090.04).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Smartphone-based cranial measurements have very high correlation with 3D-based ground truth, and they are comparable or superior to caliper measurements. Digital measurements can be performed in pediatric offices or from home to help with the early detection and treatment of DPB.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10556656241271681","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]],"date-time":"2024-08-13T02:57:56Z","timestamp":1723517876000},"page":"1592-1597","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Accuracy of Cranial Shape Measurements Using Smartphones: A Prospective Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3659-3229","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Can","family":"Kocabalkanli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"PediaMetrix Inc, Rockville, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Regina","family":"Fenton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Gaetani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fereshteh","family":"Aalamifar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PediaMetrix Inc, Rockville, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marius George","family":"Linguraru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PediaMetrix Inc, Rockville, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reza","family":"Seifabadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PediaMetrix Inc, Rockville, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-3438"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004703-200510000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7181\/acfs.2014.15.3.109"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpediatrics.2011.92"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-0052"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-1779"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.2011.02234.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.prs.0000185604.15606.e5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.3.337"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-007-0495-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1023036509476"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-1598"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","first-page":"610e","article-title":"Total cranial vault remodeling for isolated sagittal synostosis: Part I. Postoperative cranial suture patency","volume":"132","author":"Seruya M","year":"2013","unstructured":"Seruya M, Tan SY, Wray AC, et al. Total cranial vault remodeling for isolated sagittal synostosis: Part I. Postoperative cranial suture patency. J Plast Reconstruct Surg. 2013;132(4):610e.","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstruct Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","first-page":"191","article-title":"Misshapen heads in babies: Position or pathology?","volume":"3","author":"Bronfin DR","unstructured":"Bronfin DR. Misshapen heads in babies: Position or pathology? Ochsner J. 2001 Oct;3(4):191\u2010199.","journal-title":"Ochsner J."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-1056"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","article-title":"Early identification and interventions for autism spectrum disorder: Executive summary","volume":"136","author":"Zwaigenbaum L","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zwaigenbaum L, Bauman ML, Choueiri R, Fein D, Kasari C, Pierce K, Stone WL, Yirmiya N, Estes A, Hansen RL. Early identification and interventions for autism spectrum disorder: Executive summary. Pediatrics. 2015;136(Supplement 1):S1\u2010S9. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2014-3667B","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7181\/acfs.2020.00059"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/gr.32-2-24"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","article-title":"A pediatric epidemic: Deformational plagiocephaly\/brachycephaly and congenital muscular torticollis","volume":"36","author":"Fenton R","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fenton R, Gaetani SA. A pediatric epidemic: Deformational plagiocephaly\/brachycephaly and congenital muscular torticollis. Contemp Pediatr. 2019;36(2):10-18.","journal-title":"Contemp Pediatr."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","volume-title":"Instruments of Science: An Historical Encyclopedia","author":"Carson J","year":"1998","unstructured":"Carson J. Craniometer. In: Bud R, Warner DJ, eds. Instruments of Science: An Historical Encyclopedia, Vol. 2. Taylor & Francis; 1998:157\u2013159."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","unstructured":"Digital Surface Imaging (DSi) system Cranial Technologies Inc. Accessed May 5 2023. https:\/\/www.cranialtech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/DSi-Information-Sheet.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/04-059r.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/09-026"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JMI.8.2.024504"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000003520"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9041027"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","unstructured":"Apple iPhone X. Digital photography review. Accessed March 28 2024. https:\/\/www.dpreview.com\/products\/apple\/mobilephones\/apple_iphonex\/specifications"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","unstructured":"Kocabalkanli C Yektaie MA Aalamifar F Hezaveh SH Sirota S Linguraru MG Seifabadi R. Digital head circumference measurement at the point of care pediatric academic societies meeting (PAS) 2021. https:\/\/par.nsf.gov\/biblio\/10295846"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","unstructured":"Kocabalkanli C Fenton R Gaetani S Aalamifar F Linguraru MG Seifabadi R. Smartphone-based measurements of deformational plagiocephaly and brachycephaly: A prospective study. In Pediatric Academic Societies Meeting (PAS) 2022. https:\/\/par.nsf.gov\/biblio\/10325284"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2021-051736"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2020.06.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2018.08.059"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2021.109686"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","unstructured":"FDA Medical Devices Database. 510(k) premarket notification for SoftSpotTM. Accessed May 5 2023. https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/scripts\/cdrh\/cfdocs\/cfpmn\/pmn.cfm?ID=K212045"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e31828dcdcb"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000002019"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","first-page":"306","article-title":"Interrater and intrarater reliability of cranial anthropometric measurements in infants with positional plagiocephaly","volume":"7","author":"Pastor-Pons I","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pastor-Pons I, Lucha-L\u00f3pez MO, Barrau-Lalmolda M, Rodes-Pastor I, Rodr\u00edguez-Fern\u00e1ndez \u00c1L, Hidalgo-Garc\u00eda C, Tric\u00e1s-Moreno JM. Interrater and intrarater reliability of cranial anthropometric measurements in infants with positional plagiocephaly. Children (Basel). 2020;7(12):306. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/children7120306","journal-title":"Children (Basel)"}],"container-title":["The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10556656241271681","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/10556656241271681","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10556656241271681","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T16:22:00Z","timestamp":1777393320000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/10556656241271681"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,12]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/10556656241271681"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10556656241271681","relation":{},"ISSN":["1055-6656","1545-1569"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1055-6656","type":"print"},{"value":"1545-1569","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,12]]}}}