{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T19:45:16Z","timestamp":1780602316435,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,28]],"date-time":"2024-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724803200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>\n                      <jats:italic>Objective<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In academic craniofacial surgery, gender disparities exist across various metrics including faculty positions, leadership roles, and conference representation. This study benchmarks the academic productivity of craniofacial surgeons in 2022 and surveys their perspectives regarding diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>\n                      <jats:italic>Design<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Total, first author, and senior author PubMed publications in 2022 were recorded for 193 craniofacial attendings and fellows. Craniofacial surgeons were also surveyed regarding academic experience, leadership roles, and DEI perceptions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>\n                      <jats:italic>Setting<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Electronic<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>\n                      <jats:italic>Survey Participants<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>26 craniofacial attendings<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>\n                      <jats:italic>Main outcome measures<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Total, first author, and senior author publication counts in 2022<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>\n                      <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Women comprised 27% (n\u2009=\u200953) of the craniofacial surgeon cohort. Men led total publications (81% vs 19%, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), senior-author publications (84% vs 16%, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), average total publications (6.6 vs 4.0, p\u2009=\u20090.043), and average senior-author publications (3.1 vs 1.5, p\u2009=\u20090.02). Sub-analysis of craniofacial fellows showed a higher proportion of women (65%) with no statistical difference in total or average publication counts. Survey responses (n\u2009=\u200926) included a perceived lack of female representation in academic and leadership roles. Barriers included inadequate support from current leadership, systemic issues, and biases. Recommendations for improvement included mentorship programs, targeted recruitment, and equitable conference speaker selection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>\n                      <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ongoing gender disparities are evident in craniofacial surgery, particularly in academic metrics. However, trends in younger cohorts exhibit more balanced gender representation, publication records, and leadership positions, indicating potential improvements. Further studies are needed to examine these cohorts more comprehensively and longitudinally. Sustained commitment, including mentorship programs and enhanced DEI efforts, is needed to continue this progress.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10556656241274020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,28]],"date-time":"2024-08-28T11:55:50Z","timestamp":1724846150000},"page":"1742-1749","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Publication Trends and Surgeon Perceptions: A Comprehensive Analysis of Gender Disparities in Craniofacial Surgery"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3632-4205","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Molly F.","family":"MacIsaac","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iman F.","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafael Felix P.","family":"Tiongco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua M.","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6035-5706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatima","family":"Qamar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA"},{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carisa M.","family":"Cooney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard J.","family":"Redett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5513-5162","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jordan N.","family":"Halsey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000009109"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000008486"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e318267bcde"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000007089"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","article-title":"Is the glass-ceiling higher than we think? 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