{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T16:38:18Z","timestamp":1789749498437,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]],"date-time":"2025-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742515200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate learners\u2019 acceptance of multiuser virtual reality (VR) simulation platform while practicing the Furlow repair technique for cleft palate reconstruction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nonrandomized with pre- and postsurveys.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Tertiary care institution's Department of Surgery September 2023 through August 2024.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty plastic surgery residents from level PGY1 to PGY6 from a single institution.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interventions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Multiuser Meta Quest 2 VR simulation-based workshop with an expert surgeon demonstrating a Furlow cleft palate repair. Feedback included audio and visual.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Learner confidence in using VR as a tool for surgical education, understanding of the Furlow technique, and opinion regarding the incorporation of VR into surgical and medical education. Satisfaction as measured by the Student Evaluation of Educational Quality questionnaire survey with a 5-point Likert scale (1\u2009=\u2009strongly disagree to 5\u2009=\u2009strongly agree).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      20 residents participated in this study, of which 65% had previously participated in a cleft palate repair and 40% had used VR. After the simulation, trainees\u2019 confidence in using VR as a tool for surgical education, understanding of the Furlow technique, and opinion regarding the incorporation of VR into surgical and medical education significantly increased (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.05). Trainees found the simulation stimulating (4.85\u2009\u00b1\u20090.67), interesting (4.45\u2009\u00b1\u20090.83), clear (4.60\u2009\u00b1\u20090.82), an effective teaching tool (4.75\u2009\u00b1\u20090.44) and would recommend it to others (4.90\u2009\u00b1\u20090.31). Participants reported that they would feel somewhat comfortable repeating the simulation alone (3.95\u2009\u00b1\u20091.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Multiuser VR-based simulation workshops can significantly increase learners\u2019 confidence and skills in the Furlow technique and promote positive opinions regarding VR as an educational tool. Learners considered this platform effective and stimulating and would recommend it as an educational tool.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10556656251328789","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]],"date-time":"2025-03-21T16:57:34Z","timestamp":1742576254000},"page":"1261-1268","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Novel Virtual Reality Simulator for Cleft Palate Surgery Training: An Assessment of Educational Feasibility and Traction Among Plastic Surgery Residents"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-0015-1829","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leya","family":"Groysman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NYU Langone Health"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7455-2658","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matteo","family":"Laspro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NYU Langone Health"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8761-4125","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Allison L.","family":"Diaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NYU Langone Health"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory","family":"Dorsainville","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York University Grossman School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aaron","family":"Oliker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BioDigital Inc., New York, NY, USA"},{"name":"Smile Train Inc"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Arnold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Smile Train Inc"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1431-388X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liliana","family":"Camison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NYU Langone Health"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3817-313X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto L.","family":"Flores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NYU Langone Health"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2021.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/children11030322"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/028443102321096320"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/05-185"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","first-page":"105566562412363","article-title":"Psychosocial Status and self-perception in patients with cleft lip and\/or palate","author":"Salinero LK","unstructured":"Salinero LK, Romeo DJ, Pontell ME, Friedman L, Ahluwalia VS, Wagner CS, Barrero CE, Napoli J, Jackson OA, Low DW, et al. 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