{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T18:14:29Z","timestamp":1778868869889,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751846400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH T32 Voice Research Training Grant","award":["T32DC009401, 5 T32 DC 9401-15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32DC009401, 5 T32 DC 9401-15"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cleft spectrum anomalies are sometimes associated with airway obstruction at birth. Modified delivery may facilitate advanced treatment, but there is insufficient data examining its use in patients with isolated cleft lip (iCL), isolated cleft palate (iCP), or cleft lip and palate (CLP). This study aims to address this gap.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Deidentified birth hospitalization data were extracted from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Kids\u2019 Inpatient Database (2000-2019). Patients were identified using\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ICD<\/jats:italic>\n                      codes and categorized as iCL, iCP, and CLP. Incidence, demographics, airway procedures on day of life (DOL) 0 or 1, complications, and survival were examined. The Rao-Scott chi-square test was used for comparison between unaffected and cleft spectrum groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The sample included 26 943 508 individuals, excluding out-of-hospital births, transfers, and individuals with cleft in association with mandibular anomalies or syndromic disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The weighted incidence for isolated cleft spectrum was 1.3 per 1000 birth visits. Airway intervention on DOL 0 or 1 occurred in 5.0% of the cleft group compared to 1.7% in the unaffected group (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2264\u2009.01). Preterm delivery occurred more frequently among patients with cleft spectrum but did not account for the elevated rate of airway intervention. Among individuals who received an airway intervention, hypoxic complications or mortality were more frequent in patients with cleft spectrum.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Individuals with isolated cleft spectrum experience higher rates of perinatal airway interventions with poorer outcomes than unaffected individuals. These findings may affect delivery planning, especially regarding the location and availability of neonatal services at delivery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10556656251350597","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T03:20:27Z","timestamp":1751858427000},"page":"1725-1732","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Perinatal Airway Risk for Individuals With Isolated Cleft Spectrum"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-9749-7977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johanna L","family":"Ellefson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3956-3620","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samantha J","family":"Barr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0873-3730","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maya N","family":"Matabele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6712-2152","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sabrina X","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-3649-2644","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gisselle A","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elle C","family":"Nuttall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manasa","family":"Venkatesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Statistical Analysis and Research Programming Core, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Inna M","family":"Lobeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA"},{"name":"University of Missouri \u2013 Kansas City School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deborah","family":"Kacmarynski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Iowa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael D","family":"Puricelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Missouri \u2013 Kansas City School of Medicine"},{"name":"Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.1589"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2018.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20735"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2016.00067"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_472_20"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-199812000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paed.2019.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.7472"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2015150050"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.5239"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2020.110281"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.6230"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sempedsurg.2021.151066"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2018.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogoh.2021.102252"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2023.111767"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.31699"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","unstructured":"Introduction 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