{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T10:56:59Z","timestamp":1793271419764,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Rhinoplasty maneuvers at the time of cleft lip (CL) repair remain controversial. Particularly, the impact of primary rhinoplasty (PR) on patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and quality of life (QoL) is largely unknown. This study aims to compare PROs and QoL in patients with CL who did or did not undergo PR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Academic tertiary care center.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients, Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with CL who completed the CLEFT-Q from 2021 to 2024 and had undergone definitive CL repair at our institution.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interventions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PR or no primary rhinoplasty (NPR) at the time of CL repair.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcome Measure(s)<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The primary outcome was CLEFT-Q scores across facial appearance, health-related QoL, and facial function domains.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 109 patients with 110 CLEFT-Q responses were included. 22% (n\u2009=\u200924) underwent NPR and 78% (n\u2009=\u200985) PR at time of CL repair. Median age at lip repair was 4.6 [1.6] months, and at CLEFT-Q survey was 10.2 [1.6] years. Among those with intermediate rhinoplasty, nose scores were significantly higher in PR compared to NPR on overall (75 vs. 57, P\u2009=\u2009.026) and unilateral CL analysis (75 vs. 57,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.018). NPR patients were significantly more likely to undergo intermediate rhinoplasty than PR patients (71%, n\u2009=\u200917 vs 33%, n\u2009=\u200928,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PR is associated with improved self-perception of nasal appearance in school-aged children with CL compared to those who did not undergo PR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10556656251355040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T04:16:49Z","timestamp":1751343409000},"page":"1885-1894","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Patient-Reported Outcomes of Primary Cleft Rhinoplasty: A Long-Term Assessment Using CLEFT-Q"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Isabel A.","family":"Ryan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Hospital of Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1180-7526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinggang J.","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Hospital of Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jusung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Hospital of Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip D.","family":"Tolley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Hospital of Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oksana A.","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Hospital of Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7995-7256","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David W.","family":"Low","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Hospital of Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott P.","family":"Bartlett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Hospital of Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2827-5471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jesse A.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Hospital of Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric C.","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Hospital of Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7112-8114","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jordan W.","family":"Swanson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Hospital of Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000009924"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_1992_029_0527_hoclnr_2.3.co_2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-195607000-00006"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","first-page":"471","article-title":"Maxillary development and growth: The septo-premaxillary ligament","volume":"107","author":"Latham RA","year":"1970","unstructured":"Latham RA. 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