{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T10:59:39Z","timestamp":1781261979901,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,17]],"date-time":"2025-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755388800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the visual perception and self-perception of facial pleasantness in adolescents with and without cleft lip and palate (CLP).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cross-sectional observational study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Center for care and research in craniofacial anomalies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adolescents, aged 12 to 18 years, with (n\u2009=\u200979) and without (n\u2009=\u2009158) CLP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcome Measure<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Visual perception and self-perception of facial pleasantness were measured using images of adolescents\u2019 faces with and without CLP and self-assessment questions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants with CLP rated images of adolescents as having higher facial pleasantness compared to those without CLP (P\u2009&lt;\u2009.001, Cohen's d\u2009=\u20090.63). Overall, both groups reported similar satisfaction with their facial appearance with no to low frequency of concerns. Non-CLP rated their own facial appearance (P\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The CLP group reported higher levels of discomfort regarding facial appearance as having lower pleasantness (P\u2009&lt;\u2009.001, Cohen's d\u2009=\u20090.08), and worried more frequently about their appearance (P\u2009&lt;\u2009.001, Cohen's d\u2009=\u20090.56). CLP group reported higher (P\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) frequency of facial appearance concerns, impact on daily life, interference in interpersonal relationships, and dissatisfaction with facial appearance with small to medium effect sizes (Cohen's d\u2009=\u20090.14 to 0.57). Across both groups, female participants exhibited higher concerns about facial appearance compared to males (P\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) with modest effect sizes (Cohen's d\u2009=\u20090.16 to 0.47).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants with CLP rated others\u2019 facial appearance as more pleasant than those without CLP. While adolescents with\/without CLP both reported few concerns about their facial appearance, participants with CLP and females had higher concerns. Psychosocial support may be beneficial for adolescents with\/without CLP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10556656251365748","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T05:42:00Z","timestamp":1755495720000},"page":"2112-2121","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Visual Perception and Self-Assessment of Facial Pleasantness in Brazilian Adolescents with and Without Cleft lip and Palate"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4567-9339","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jussimar Scheffer","family":"Castilhos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Paran\u00e1"},{"name":"Medicine and Life Science School, Curitiba, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8955-6448","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gil Guilherme","family":"Gasparello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Paran\u00e1"},{"name":"Medicine and Life Science School, Curitiba, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9862-0894","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamad Jamal","family":"Bark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Paran\u00e1"},{"name":"Medicine and Life Science School, Curitiba, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8242-3781","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergio Aparecido","family":"Ign\u00e1cio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Paran\u00e1"},{"name":"Medicine and Life Science School, Curitiba, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8809-3579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luciana","family":"Reis Azevedo-Alanis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Paran\u00e1"},{"name":"Medicine and Life Science School, Curitiba, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7382-1526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisa Souza","family":"Camargo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Paran\u00e1"},{"name":"Medicine and Life Science School, Curitiba, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1052-7872","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Orlando Motohiro","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diplomate of Brazilian Board of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"},{"name":"Postdoctoral Fellow at The Center for Advanced Dental Education at Saint Louis University, Curitiba, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep39731"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9280.2006.01750.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0245557","article-title":"Facial shape affects self-perceived facial attractiveness","volume":"16","author":"Kanavakis G","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kanavakis G, Halazonetis D, Katsaros C, Gkantidis N. 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