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The PBRP lasted two weeks and consisted of sequential pharyngeal bulb reductions during nasoendoscopy combined with intensive speech therapy. After each bulb reduction, measurements of bulb length, width, area, volume, and the prosthesis weight (pre-\/post-PBRP) were obtained.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>At the end of the PBRP, reductions in bulb dimensions were observed (length: \u221232.13%, width: \u221247.26%, area: \u221261.41%, and volume: \u221252.80%), as well as a decrease in prosthesis weight (\u221221.12%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\u201cIn PBRB, the reduction in the dimensions of the pharyngeal bulb, combined with intensive speech therapy, proved effective in stimulating velopharyngeal mechanism movements during speech, leading to a consequent reduction in the size of the velopharyngeal gap. Following the PBRB procedure, reductions in the width and length of the bulb were observed, creating more favorable conditions for performing secondary surgery aimed at correcting velopharyngeal insufficiency.\u201d<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10556656251370490","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]],"date-time":"2025-09-04T15:14:02Z","timestamp":1756998842000},"page":"2330-2338","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pharyngeal Bulb Reduction Program in Individuals with Cleft Palate"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7232-298X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Homero Carneiro","family":"Aferri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of Sao Paulo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5309-2189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olivia Mesquita Vieira","family":"de Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Pathology, Bauru Dental School and Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Bauru, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7442-7574","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monica Moraes","family":"Waldemarin Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Speech Appliances Services, Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of Sao Paulo, Bauru, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9676-0052","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeniffer de C\u00e1ssia Rillo","family":"Dutka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of Sao Paulo"},{"name":"Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Pathology, Bauru Dental School and Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Bauru, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5391-8753","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria In\u00eas","family":"Pegoraro-Krook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of Sao Paulo"},{"name":"Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Pathology, Bauru Dental School and Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Bauru, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1055665617735102"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cch.12613"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-019-1141-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0b013e3181d60763"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/10-285"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000009555"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2008.12.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1277720"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e3182564910"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3182910acb"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/06-061.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/06-086.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cps.2013.12.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PRS.0000100806.45065.35"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PRS.0000145635.87742.AF"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","first-page":"649","volume":"1","author":"Wong KWY","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wong KWY, klaiman PG, Forrest CR. 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