{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T04:11:10Z","timestamp":1788667870566,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768953600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare the 2-year post-treatment stability of vertical and transverse dimensions in orthodontic patients with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP) versus non-cleft controls (NC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective comparative study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients\/Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Twenty-eight patients divided into CLP (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200914) and NC (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200914) groups matched for age and sex.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interventions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Orthodontic fixed appliance therapy followed by removable vacuum-formed retainers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Vertical changes were assessed with lateral cephalograms, and transverse relationships were analyzed using the Modified Huddart-Bodenham (MHB) Index. Intragroup changes (T0-T1) were analyzed with paired\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">t<\/jats:italic>\n                      -tests and intergroup differences with unpaired\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">t<\/jats:italic>\n                      -tests (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      At 2-year post-treatment, the cleft group showed significant reductions in anterior facial height (\u22121.06\u2009\u00b1\u20090.59\u2005mm,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.001), U1-NF (\u22120.31\u2009\u00b1\u20090.48\u2005mm,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.01), L1-MP (\u22120.54\u2009\u00b1\u20090.63\u2005mm,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.004), and U6-NF (\u22120.66\u2009\u00b1\u20090.70\u2005mm,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.001). Transverse relapse was evident at the incisors (\u22120.36\u2009\u00b1\u20090.50,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.006), molars (\u22120.43\u2009\u00b1\u20090.51,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.002), and in total scores (\u22120.29\u2009\u00b1\u20090.47,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.007). The NC group showed minimal changes (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u2009.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with CLP demonstrate greater vertical and transverse orthodontic relapse 2-year post-treatment compared to non-cleft patients. These findings underscore the necessity for potential permanent retention protocols tailored to the unique anatomical and physiological challenges of the cleft population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10556656251415221","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T19:27:51Z","timestamp":1769023671000},"page":"3383-3389","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Comparative Study on Vertical and Transverse Orthodontic Relapse in Patients with and Without Cleft Lip and Palate"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Navia Jose","family":"Paul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Porur"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2081-7160","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annapurna","family":"Kannan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Porur"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vignesh","family":"Kailasam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Porur"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/bjo.17.3.235"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","volume-title":"Contemporary Orthodontics","author":"Proffit WR","year":"2018","unstructured":"Proffit WR, Fields HW, Sarver DM. 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