{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T05:50:59Z","timestamp":1791525059205,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774224000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774224000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare overprotective parenting and child and parent anxiety between children born with and without a cleft lip and\/ or palate (CL\/P). To understand correlates of anxiety for children born with a CL\/P and their parents.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design, Participants, Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Parents of 8- to 12-year-old children with a CL\/P (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200963, mean age = 10.5 years, male = 68.3%), or without a CL\/P (control group;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200966, mean age = 9.9 years, male = 47%) were recruited from the UK community (2022-2024). Most respondents were mothers (92.2%).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Parents completed an online survey assessing overprotective parenting, child anxiety, parent anxiety, and (in the CL\/P group) parental appraisals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Parent-reported child anxiety was higher in the CL\/P group than the control group (\u03b7\n                      <jats:sub>p<\/jats:sub>\n                      <jats:sup>\n                        <jats:xref ref-type=\"bibr\">2<\/jats:xref>\n                      <\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.04,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.03), while parent anxiety (\u03b7\n                      <jats:sub>p<\/jats:sub>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.01,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.26) and overprotective parenting (\u03b7\n                      <jats:sub>p<\/jats:sub>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.73) did not differ significantly between groups. Within the CL\/P group, parent-reported child anxiety was associated (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.05) with parental anxiety (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\n                        r\n                        <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                      <\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.27), overprotective parenting (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\n                        r\n                        <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                      <\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">=<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009.38), and certain parental appraisals (child's self-confidence;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\n                        r\n                        <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                      <\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">=<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009.45, and manageability of the CL\/P;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\n                        r\n                        <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                      <\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">=<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2212.25). Parent anxiety was associated with overprotective parenting (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\n                        r\n                        <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                      <\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.40), and self-blame appraisals (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\n                        r\n                        <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                      <\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">=<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009.37).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Children born with a CL\/P may be at increased risk of anxiety by parent-report, while parental anxiety and overprotection appear comparable to controls. Parental appraisals may be promising targets for intervention. Future longitudinal research is required to draw causal inferences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10556656261422883","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T10:13:38Z","timestamp":1774260818000},"page":"3707-3716","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Relationship Between Parent and Child Anxiety: Testing the Intergenerational Model of Anxiety in Children Born with a Cleft"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9325-979X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberta","family":"Button","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oxford"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fiona","family":"McFarlane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oxford"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Farrington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Berkshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4400-0320","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew","family":"Hotton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oxford"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","unstructured":". 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