{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T08:01:47Z","timestamp":1780300907578,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779840000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000072","name":"National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23DE035217"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23DE035217"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000072","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000072","name":"National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RC1DE020270"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RC1DE020270"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000072","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To quantify the morphology and asymmetry of the levator veli palatini (LVP) muscle in children with craniofacial microsomia (CFM) and explore associations with velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pediatric tertiary care center.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients, Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty children with CFM who underwent clinically indicated head and neck MRI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>LVP left-right asymmetry, midline velopharyngeal measures, and presence of VPI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Three participants (15%) had VPI. Significant left-right asymmetry was observed for total LVP length, LVP thickness at velar insertion, and angle of origin (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2264\u2009.05). Greater differences between most and least affected sides in total LVP length were associated with lower VPI prevalence (PR, 0.58 per 1-mm increase; 95% CI, 0.36\u20130.93;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.02). Greater pharyngeal depth predicted higher VPI prevalence (PR, 1.35 per 1-mm increase; 95% CI, 1.07\u20131.70;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.01), while increased midline LVP thickness was associated with lower prevalence (PR, 0.76 per 1-mm increase; 95% CI, 0.65\u20130.90;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.01).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Children with CFM demonstrate significant asymmetry of the LVP muscle. Shorter total LVP length, thinner midline LVP, and greater pharyngeal depth were associated with higher VPI prevalence, indicating a need for prospective studies to clarify the role of soft-tissue variation in velopharyngeal function.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10556656261454756","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T05:59:36Z","timestamp":1779947976000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of Muscular Asymmetry on Velopharyngeal Function in Children with Craniofacial Microsomia: A Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5974-3309","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katelyn J.","family":"Kotlarek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maille","family":"Moriarty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6017-4529","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Kinter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington"},{"name":"Center for Child Health, Behavior, and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cxom.2014.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1061-3315(18)30106-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2021.09.060"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.34352"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000006616"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2017.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-196511000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.38151"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2018.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.14508"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2021.110764"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-6665(20)32220-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000007987"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2019.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(68)90016-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/pmc.2016.121"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3181addba9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2023.09.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599816639240"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2019_AJSLP-19-0089"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1055665620980223"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2023_AJSLP-23-00152"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000007938"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","first-page":"132","article-title":"Velopharyngeal insufficiency in the facio-auriculovertebral malformation complex","volume":"17","author":"Shprintzen RJ","year":"1980","unstructured":"Shprintzen RJ, Croft CB, Berkman MD, Rakoff SJ. 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