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Despite this reproducible directional asymmetry, cleft sidedness has largely been considered descriptive rather than biologically informative. Growing interest in cleft laterality has prompted investigation into associations with morphological, developmental, and functional outcomes. Interpretation is complicated by inconsistent terminology, phenotypic grouping, syndromic classification, and handling of additional congenital anomalies, all of which may alter cohort composition and influence the magnitude or direction of observed associations. 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