{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T02:03:02Z","timestamp":1793325782195,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784592000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To map and synthesize translational evidence on tissue-engineered grafts for orofacial cleft repair, emphasizing scaffold technologies, cellular therapies, growth-factor strategies, comparative outcomes, and barriers to clinical adoption.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Scoping review using a structured, systematic-style search strategy and PRISMA-style study selection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Systematic searches of PubMed, Embase, and Scopus from inception through March 23, 2026.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients\/Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Peer-reviewed human clinical studies, systematic reviews\/meta-analyses, and high-impact preclinical studies relevant to alveolar cleft or cleft palate reconstruction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interventions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Tissue-engineered approaches including calcium phosphate and collagen-based scaffolds, hydrogels, 3D-printed constructs, mesenchymal stromal\/stem cell-based therapies, bone marrow-derived cell concentrates, and growth-factor delivery systems such as recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcome Measure(s)<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Study characteristics, translational relevance, radiographic bone fill or height, volumetric\/densitometric outcomes, donor-site morbidity, complication profiles, dental eruption, craniofacial growth, and long-term graft stability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 719 records identified, 48 peer-reviewed studies met inclusion criteria. Autologous iliac crest cancellous bone remains the benchmark for secondary alveolar bone grafting. The strongest clinical evidence supports rhBMP-2 as a carrier-dependent, iliac-crest\u2013sparing alternative or adjunct in selected patients, particularly with structurally supportive constructs such as demineralized bone matrix. Cell-based and scaffold-based therapies show feasibility but remain limited by heterogeneity in materials, processing, outcome measures, and follow-up duration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Tissue-engineered grafts are progressing toward clinically evaluable cleft reconstruction therapies but have not replaced autologous bone grafting. Future studies require standardized imaging, dental, growth, safety, and patient-centered endpoints to define durable, scalable, and equitable clinical use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10556656261470579","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T11:49:32Z","timestamp":1784634572000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Tissue-Engineered Grafts for Orofacial Cleft Repair: A Scoping Review From Bench to Bedside"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6426-5915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joshua","family":"Khorsandi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine at University of Nevada Las 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