{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T19:49:13Z","timestamp":1791834553722,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791504000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000072","name":"National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01DE029750"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01DE029750"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000072","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To identify barriers and facilitators to changing provider's current approaches to evaluation and treatment decision-making for velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cross-sectional qualitative study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Medium and large multidisciplinary cleft teams in the USA and Canada engaged in clinical research.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty-eight surgeons and 16 speech-language pathologists from 12 cleft teams.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interventions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Semi-structured interviews were conducted exploring perceived barriers and facilitators to changing VPI evaluation and treatment decision-making. Interviews were analyzed using a thematic approach guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Providers indicated that adoption of new approaches to VPI evaluation and decision-making would require evidence demonstrating improved speech outcomes or reduced risk of obstructive sleep apnea. Characteristics of persuasive evidence included prospective study design, comparable patient groups, standardized speech evaluations, and long-term follow-up. Providers favored applying new approaches to complex cases or defined subgroups, rather than broad adoption. Providers raised concerns about additional preoperative testing, perceiving it could increase treatment burden. When reflecting on prior changes in care delivery, providers indicated they started by discussing the potential change informally with team members to share information, gather input, and build consensus; in larger teams, discussions also occurred in formal meetings or through administrative hierarchies. Implementation decisions were consensus-based, although the pace of implementation varied among providers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Providers have processes for implementing changes in their VPI evaluation and treatment decision-making, and criteria by which they make the decision to implement. These findings can inform the design of implementation strategies to accelerate clinical uptake of research findings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10556656261496717","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T13:17:33Z","timestamp":1791551853000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Qualitative Exploration of Barriers and Facilitators to Changing Provider's Current Evaluation and Treatment Decision-Making for Velopharyngeal Insufficiency"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2173-923X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas J.","family":"Sitzman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arizona College of Medicine \u2013 Phoenix"},{"name":"Division of Plastic Surgery, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA"},{"name":"Mayo Clinic Arizona"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3136-7329","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erica M.","family":"Weidler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arizona College of Medicine \u2013 Phoenix"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Research, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12112"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-199904000-00017"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3182910acb"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0b013e3181d60763"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10556656251383886"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10556656221147159"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.299.19.2319"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-5908-7-50"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0b013e3182408812"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JOP.2017.024729"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-5908-4-50"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012-015-0209-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-5908-8-51"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-5908-7-114"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11135-017-0574-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2023.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1055665620902883"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11414-015-9475-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000010798"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10556656221106888"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10556656231161991"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10556656241304224"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12687-020-00498-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/OP.23.00153"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.31911"}],"container-title":["The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10556656261496717","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/10556656261496717","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10556656261496717","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T19:21:48Z","timestamp":1791832908000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/10556656261496717"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]},"references-count":25,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/10556656261496717"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10556656261496717","relation":{},"ISSN":["1055-6656","1545-1569"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1055-6656","type":"print"},{"value":"1545-1569","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]},"article-number":"10556656261496717"}}