{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T04:24:41Z","timestamp":1777523081585,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,8]],"date-time":"2024-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723075200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP24H01538"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP24H01538"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Adaptive Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    In his book \u201c\n                    <jats:italic>A Philosophy for the Science of Animal Consciousness<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\u201d Walter Veit attempts to provide a philosophical foundation for the science of animal consciousness, especially focusing on hedonic evaluation. While he highlights an important aspect of phenomenal consciousness, several conceptual issues warrant further examination. The first one is the role of evaluation. Veit argues that hedonic evaluation explains the origin of consciousness, but it seems implausible for conscious animals to have the evaluative aspect alone. Instead, the origin(s) of consciousness may have linked to the capacity for making prediction that combine both perceptive and evaluative aspects. Second, it is necessary to distinguish between creature and state consciousness for discussing subjective unity. Autonomous movements of octopus arms do not necessarily imply multiple conscious subjects within one body. Alternatively, an octopus may experiences \u201cswitching\u201d within a single phenomenal field between conflicting perceptions as in binocular rivalry. Lastly, the adaptivity of consciousness requires scrutiny. Just as different animal phyla show various body plans, the neuroarchitecture of consciousness may be implemented in different ways among animals. Specific mentalities may be fine-tuned to specific lifestyles, similarly to specific adaptation of animal bodies. It appears that the \u201cadaptivity\u201d of ground plans (e.g., vertebrate body and vertebrate consciousness) makes no sense or must be considered differently from the adaptivity of specific character states (e.g., the body shape and food preferences of a bat). The current analysis could help improve Veit\u2019s proposal, linking it to previous accounts and establishing a solid philosophical foundation for this research field.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10597123241270884","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T02:52:08Z","timestamp":1723171928000},"page":"175-181","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Toward a solid philosophical foundation of animal consciousness research: bridging some conceptual gaps"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3742-183X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daichi G.","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan"},{"name":"Center for Human Nature, Artificial Intelligence, and Neuroscience (CHAIN), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/5211.003.0023"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordhb\/9780195304787.003.0006"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139164856"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1520-8583.2007.00118.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2020.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.concog.2014.08.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2019.06.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ilar.52.2.185"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_1","volume-title":"The strange order of things: Life, feeling, and the making of the cultures","author":"Damasio A.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Damasio A. (2018). The strange order of things: Life, feeling, and the making of the cultures. Pantheon."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.1402720304"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(97)00125-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10539-020-09762-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00455091.1997.10717471"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/10714.001.0001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/11793.001.0001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/11006.001.0001"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_3_4_18_1","first-page":"148","article-title":"Consciousness as a mode of being","volume":"27","author":"Ginsburg S.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ginsburg S., Jablonka E. (2020). Consciousness as a mode of being. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 27(9), 148\u2013162. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7551\/mitpress\/11006.001.0001.","journal-title":"Journal of Consciousness Studies"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_1","volume-title":"Other minds: The Octopus, the sea, and the deep origins of consciousness","author":"Godfrey-Smith P.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Godfrey-Smith P. (2016). Other minds: The Octopus, the sea, and the deep origins of consciousness. Farrar, Straus and Giroux."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2016.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jembe.2013.02.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13752-022-00414-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_1","first-page":"83","article-title":"Manifestations and implications of shifting hemi-inattention in commissurotomy patients","volume":"18","author":"Levy J.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Levy J. (1977). Manifestations and implications of shifting hemi-inattention in commissurotomy patients. Advances in Neurology, 18, 83\u201392.","journal-title":"Advances in Neurology"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_1","first-page":"231","volume-title":"Brain circuits and functions of the mind: Essays in honour of Roger W. Sperry","author":"Levy J.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Levy J. (1990). Regulation and generation of perception in the assynmetric brain. In Trevarthen C. (Ed.), Brain circuits and functions of the mind: Essays in honour of Roger W. Sperry (pp. 231\u2013248). Cambridge University Press."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-1523.2.3.299"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09515080050128196"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_1","first-page":"121","volume-title":"Consciousness in contemporary science","author":"Marcel A. J.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Marcel A. J. (1988). Phenomenal experience and functionalism. In Marcel A. J., Bisiach E. (Eds.), Consciousness in contemporary science (pp. 121\u2013158). Oxford University Press."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NSS.S71970"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/neurosci2040030"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/neurosci3040047"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S095252382100016X"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-801393-9.00003-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X07000891"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1132881"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nc\/niac006"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_1","volume-title":"The stanford encyclopedia of philosophy (spring 2017)","author":"Orzack S. H.,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Orzack S. H.,, Forber P. (2010\/2017). Adaptationism. In Zalta E. N. (Ed.), The stanford encyclopedia of philosophy (spring 2017). Metaphysics Research Lab. University. https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/archives\/spr2017\/entries\/adaptationism\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10838-021-09591-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2017.09.051"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/9780262513678.001.0001"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_4_40_1","first-page":"1231","article-title":"Split brain: Divided perception but undivided consciousness","volume":"140","author":"Pinto Y.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pinto Y., Neville D. A., Otten M., Corballis P. M., Lamme V. A. F., de Haan E. H. F., Foschi N., Fabri M. (2017). Split brain: Divided perception but undivided consciousness. Brain: Journal of Neurology, 140(5), 1231\u20131237. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/aww358","journal-title":"Brain: Journal of Neurology"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2007.11.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_1","volume-title":"The hidden spring: A journey to the source of consciousness","author":"Solms M.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Solms M. (2021). The hidden spring: A journey to the source of consciousness. W. W. Norton & Company."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9384(01)00552-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X00623439"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1060976"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10539-021-09800-7"},{"issue":"0","key":"e_1_3_4_47_1","first-page":"5","article-title":"A general model of and lineage-specific ground plans for animal consciousness","volume":"31","author":"Suzuki D. G.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Suzuki D. G. (2022). A general model of and lineage-specific ground plans for animal consciousness. Annals of the Japan Association for the Philosophy of Science, 31(0), 5\u201329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4288\/jafpos.31.0_5","journal-title":"Annals of the Japan Association for the Philosophy of Science"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12304-022-09474-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13752-017-0265-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_50_1","volume-title":"Ishiki to mokuteki no kagaku tetsugaku [philosophy of science on consciousness and purposiveness; written in Japanese]","author":"Tanaka S.","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tanaka S., Suzuki D. G., Ota K. (2024). Ishiki to mokuteki no kagaku tetsugaku [philosophy of science on consciousness and purposiveness; written in Japanese]. Keio University Press."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2019.11.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781003321729"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_53_1","volume-title":"Homology, genes, and evolutionary innovation","author":"Wagner G. P.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wagner G. P. (2014). Homology, genes, and evolutionary innovation. Princeton University Press."}],"container-title":["Adaptive Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10597123241270884","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/10597123241270884","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10597123241270884","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T16:19:36Z","timestamp":1777393176000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/10597123241270884"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,8]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/10597123241270884"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10597123241270884","relation":{},"ISSN":["1059-7123","1741-2633"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1059-7123","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-2633","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,8]]}}}