{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,4]],"date-time":"2025-03-04T05:36:33Z","timestamp":1741066593625,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3-4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,1,1]],"date-time":"1998-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":883612800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Adaptive Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Research on exploratory and searching behavior of animals and robots has attracted an increasing amount of interest recently. Existing works have focused mostly on exploratory behavior guided by vision and audition. Research on smell-guided exploration has been lacking, even though animals may use the sense of smell more widely than sight or hearing to search for food and to evade danger. <\/jats:p><jats:p> This article contributes to the study of smell-guided exploration. It describes a series of increasingly complex neural networks, each of which allows a simulated creature to search for food and to evade danger by using smell. Other behaviors such as obstacle negotiation and risk taking emerge naturally from the creature's interaction with the environment. Comparative studies of these networks show that there is no significant performance advantage for a creature to have more than two sensors. This result may help to explain why real animals have only one or two smell-sensing organs. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/105971239800600304","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,11]],"date-time":"2007-03-11T06:45:25Z","timestamp":1173595525000},"page":"411-434","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Computational Studies of Exploration by Smell"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"6","author":[{"family":"Wee Kheng Leow","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National University of Singapore"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X00023360"},{"volume-title":"The metaphorical brain 2: Neural networks and beyond","year":"1989","author":"Arbib, M.A.","key":"atypb2"},{"volume-title":"Depth and detours: An essay on visually guided behavior","year":"1987","author":"Arbib, M.A.","key":"atypb3"},{"volume-title":"Anuran visuomotor coordination for detour behavior: From retina to motor schemas","year":"1993","author":"Arbib, M.A.","key":"atypb4"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/105971239600400302"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(91)90053-M"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/105971239500300404"},{"volume-title":"The accessory optic system in frontal-eyed animals","year":"1991","author":"Grasse, K.L.","key":"atypb8"},{"key":"atypb9","volume-title":"Principles of neural science","author":"Kandel, E.R.","year":"1991","edition":"3"},{"volume-title":"A tentative intercausal nexus and its computer model on insect orientation in windborne pheromone plumes","year":"1996","author":"Kramer, E.","key":"atypb10"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/105971239300100301"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.1996.8.1.94"},{"volume-title":"Simulation of adaptive behavior in animals: Review and prospect","year":"1991","author":"Meyer, J.-A.","key":"atypb13"},{"volume-title":"Visual control of altitude and speed in a flying agent","year":"1994","author":"Mura, F.","key":"atypb14"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00368166"},{"volume-title":"Robotic experiments in cricket phonotaxis","year":"1994","author":"Webb, B.","key":"atypb16"},{"volume-title":"Adaptive behavior and reflexive responses: Another perspective on odor-guided locomotion","year":"1996","author":"Willis, M.A.","key":"atypb17"}],"container-title":["Adaptive Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/105971239800600304","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/105971239800600304","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]],"date-time":"2025-03-03T11:29:27Z","timestamp":1741001367000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/105971239800600304"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,1]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3-4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/105971239800600304"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/105971239800600304","relation":{},"ISSN":["1059-7123","1741-2633"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1059-7123"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1741-2633"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,1]]}}}