{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T03:23:26Z","timestamp":1777865006196,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,28]],"date-time":"2013-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1359331200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of School Nursing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>School nurses are well positioned to address risk-taking behaviors for adolescents in their care. The purpose of this mixed-method exploratory study was to explore risk taking in Afro-Caribbean adolescents in South Florida, comparing first- to second-generation adolescents. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected from an immigrant group using the adolescent risk-taking instrument to evaluate risk-taking attitudes, behaviors, and self-described riskiest activities. One-hundred and six adolescents participated; 44% were first generation Afro-Caribbean. Data analysis included analysis of variance, frequencies, and content analysis. There were no differences in risk-taking attitudes; smaller percentages of first generation Afro-Caribbean adolescents reported sexual activity, substance use, and violence. Over one third of the sample, regardless of generational status, reported alcohol use, but did not note alcohol or other health-compromising behaviors as \u201criskiest\u201d activities. It is important to better understand Afro-Caribbean adolescents\u2019 perspectives about risky behaviors, and school-based venues offer the best promise for reaching these adolescents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1059840513475819","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,28]],"date-time":"2013-01-28T21:36:49Z","timestamp":1359409009000},"page":"353-360","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Risk Taking in First and Second Generation Afro-Caribbean Adolescents"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Kim","family":"Jolly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Christine E. Lynn College of Nursing, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cynthia","family":"Archibald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Christine E. Lynn College of Nursing, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Liehr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Christine E. Lynn College of Nursing, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1059840513475819","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/597587"},{"key":"bibr2-1059840513475819","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jana.2007.05.004"},{"key":"bibr3-1059840513475819","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apnu.2010.04.004"},{"key":"bibr4-1059840513475819","first-page":"114","volume":"18","author":"Archibald C.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Cultural Diversity"},{"key":"bibr5-1059840513475819","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/003452377200800104"},{"key":"bibr6-1059840513475819","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.93.3.456"},{"key":"bibr7-1059840513475819","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jpnu.2000.18174"},{"key":"bibr8-1059840513475819","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2006.03.003"},{"key":"bibr9-1059840513475819","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.112.1.155"},{"key":"bibr10-1059840513475819","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eaton D. K., Kann L., Kinchen S., Ross J., Hawkins J., Harris W. A.\u2026 Wechsler,  H. (2006). Youth risk behavior surveillance\u2014United States, 2005. Centers for disease control and prevention. Mortality and Morbidity Weekly Report. Surveillance summaries, 55, 1\u2013108. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/mmwr\/preview\/mmwrhtml\/ss5505a1.htm","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1746-1561.2006.00127.x"},{"key":"bibr11-1059840513475819","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1023294114887"},{"key":"bibr12-1059840513475819","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03405545"},{"key":"bibr13-1059840513475819","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1059840512444317"},{"key":"bibr14-1059840513475819","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1602792"},{"key":"bibr15-1059840513475819","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579410000349"},{"key":"bibr16-1059840513475819","unstructured":"Hoefer M., Rytina N., Baker B. (2011). Estimates of the unauthorized immigrant population residing in the United States: January 2011. Population Estimates, March 2012, 7. Retrieved from U.S. Department of Homeland Security website http:\/\/www.dhs.gov\/estimates-unauthorized-immigrant-population-residing-united-states-january-2011"},{"key":"bibr17-1059840513475819","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732305276687"},{"key":"bibr18-1059840513475819","volume-title":"Understanding, preventing and treating problem behaviors among refugee and immigrant youth","author":"Hunt D.","year":"2002"},{"key":"bibr19-1059840513475819","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01460860701366518"},{"key":"bibr20-1059840513475819","first-page":"410","volume-title":"Children of immigrant health: Adjustment and public assistance","author":"Kao G.","year":"1999"},{"key":"bibr21-1059840513475819","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2009.06.014"},{"key":"bibr22-1059840513475819","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1054-139X(04)00071-0"},{"key":"bibr23-1059840513475819","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10611-009-9224-y"},{"key":"bibr24-1059840513475819","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Immigration and crime: Race, ethnicity, and violence","author":"Martinez R.","year":"2006"},{"key":"bibr25-1059840513475819","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1747-7379.2004.tb00191.x"},{"key":"bibr26-1059840513475819","unstructured":"McCabe K. 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