{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T23:58:14Z","timestamp":1777420694322,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,24]],"date-time":"2014-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1393200000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ann Pharmacother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: To evaluate the role of besifloxacin in bacterial conjunctivitis treatment. Data Sources: Searches were made on MEDLINE\/PubMed and EMBASE (January 2007 to January 2014) using the terms besifloxacin and Besivance. References from these publications were reviewed for additional resources. Additional information was collected from Bausch &amp; Lomb, the manufacturer of Besivance; www.clinicaltrials.gov ; and American Academy of Ophthalmology. Study Selection and Data Extraction: English-language documents were reviewed for pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety, with priority on clinical trials. Data Synthesis: Three large randomized controlled clinical trials established the safety and efficacy of besifloxacin ophthalmic suspension 0.6% compared with placebo or active comparator (moxifloxacin ophthalmic solution 0.5%) given 3 times a day for 5 days for acute bacterial conjunctivitis (BC) treatment. Compared with placebo, besifloxacin had clinically superior bacterial eradication rates and was noninferior to moxifloxacin. Besifloxacin was compared with placebo in 2 randomized, placebo-controlled trials, dosed twice a day for 3 days. Superior efficacy was seen compared with placebo, which supports the shorter dosing schedule. Ophthalmic besifloxacin is well tolerated; the most common adverse effect (conjunctival redness) occurred in 2% of patients. Adverse effects in 1% to 2% of patients included blurred vision, eye pain, eye irritation, eye pruritus, and headache. Conclusion: Besifloxacin 0.6% ophthalmic suspension 3 times a day for 5 days is safe and effective for BC. Twice-a-day dosing for 3 days was also effective\u2014a simplified regimen compared with other fluoroquinolones. Disadvantages include price and lack of a generic. Further evaluation is needed to evaluate comparative efficacy among other ocular fluoroquinolones and unlabeled uses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1060028014524175","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,25]],"date-time":"2014-02-25T00:33:29Z","timestamp":1393288409000},"page":"616-625","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The Role of Besifloxacin in the Treatment of Bacterial Conjunctivitis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Tracy D.","family":"Mahvan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wyoming School of Pharmacy, Laramie, WY, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jaime R.","family":"Hornecker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wyoming School of Pharmacy, Laramie, WY, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Whitney A.","family":"Buckley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Samaritan Health Services Albany, OR, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suzanne","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wyoming School of Pharmacy, Laramie, WY, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1060028014524175","first-page":"147","volume":"110","author":"Chiang YP","year":"1995","journal-title":"Public Health Rep"},{"key":"bibr2-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2415-9-13"},{"key":"bibr3-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e3181909362"},{"key":"bibr4-1060028014524175","unstructured":"American Academy of Ophthalmology Cornea\/External Disease Panel, Preferred Practice Patterns Committee. Conjunctivitis. http:\/\/one.aao.org\/preferred-practice-pattern\/conjunctivitis-ppp\u20132013. Accessed December 2, 2013."},{"key":"bibr5-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-1549(05)70145-0"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr6-1060028014524175","first-page":"CD001211","author":"Sheikh A","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"bibr7-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.72.10.733"},{"key":"bibr8-1060028014524175","first-page":"544","volume":"23","author":"Shields T","year":"1991","journal-title":"Fam Med"},{"key":"bibr9-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.8.12.1903"},{"key":"bibr10-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0420.2007.01006.x"},{"key":"bibr11-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1986.03370240039033"},{"key":"bibr12-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0045-9380(94)90022-1"},{"key":"bibr13-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5520(20)30482-7"},{"key":"bibr14-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.03.032"},{"key":"bibr15-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.03.076"},{"key":"bibr16-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.298.15.1763"},{"key":"bibr17-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.9.9.1463"},{"key":"bibr18-1060028014524175","first-page":"704","volume":"11","author":"Epling J","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMJ Clin Evid"},{"issue":"9","key":"bibr19-1060028014524175","first-page":"CD001211","author":"Sheikh A","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"bibr20-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000084270"},{"key":"bibr21-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2004.01.004"},{"key":"bibr22-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2003.10.026"},{"key":"bibr23-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2005.05.005"},{"key":"bibr24-1060028014524175","unstructured":"Besivance\u2122 (besifloxacin ophthalmic suspension) 0.6% [package insert]. Tampa, FL: Bausch & Lomb; 2009."},{"key":"bibr25-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-012-0027-7"},{"key":"bibr26-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkn528"},{"key":"bibr27-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000330858"},{"key":"bibr28-1060028014524175","first-page":"3","volume":"1","author":"Friedlander MH","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"bibr29-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S476","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2006.01678.x","volume":"13","author":"Brunner LS","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"bibr30-1060028014524175","first-page":"S475","volume":"13","author":"Brunner LS","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"bibr31-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2006.0137"},{"key":"bibr32-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2009.03.010"},{"key":"bibr33-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1185\/03007990902837919"},{"key":"bibr34-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.05.014"},{"key":"bibr35-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2010.12.004"},{"key":"bibr36-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/11632470-000000000-00000"},{"key":"bibr37-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.12.1.147"},{"key":"bibr38-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/joc.2007.19.2.146"},{"key":"bibr39-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2009.0031"},{"key":"bibr40-1060028014524175","first-page":"1987","volume":"6","author":"Silverstein BE","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"bibr41-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1K347"},{"key":"bibr42-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9071.2007.01552.x"},{"key":"bibr43-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/11536720-000000000-00000"},{"key":"bibr44-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/11534380-000000000-00000"},{"key":"bibr45-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40268-013-0029-1"},{"key":"bibr46-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e3181909362"},{"key":"bibr47-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2415-9-13"},{"key":"bibr48-1060028014524175","unstructured":"Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. Facts and comparisons: eAnswers. http:\/\/online.factsandcomparisons.com\/index.aspx. Accessed February 1, 2014."},{"key":"bibr49-1060028014524175","unstructured":"Thomson Reuters Micromedex Clinical Evidence Solutions. http:\/\/www.micromedexsolutions.com.libproxy.uwyo.edu\/micromedex2\/librarian\/ND_T\/evidencexpert\/ND_PR\/evidencexpert\/CS\/BF83DF\/ND_AppProduct\/evidencexpert\/DUPLICATIONSHIELDSYNC\/719CCA\/ND_PG\/evidencexpert\/ND_B\/evidencexpert\/ND_P\/evidencexpert\/PFActionId\/redbook.4."},{"key":"bibr50-1060028014524175","unstructured":"The Johns Hopkins Antibiotic Guide (\u00a92000-2013 Unbound Medicine, Inc). http:\/\/www.hopkinsguides.com\/hopkins\/ub\/view\/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide\/540141\/all\/Conjunctivitis__Acute. Accessed December 2, 2013."},{"key":"bibr51-1060028014524175","first-page":"79","volume":"10","author":"Drugs for some common eye disorders","year":"2012","journal-title":"Treat Guidel Med Lett"},{"key":"bibr52-1060028014524175","first-page":"101","volume":"51","author":"Ophthalmic besifloxacin (Besivance)","year":"2009","journal-title":"Med Lett Drugs Ther"},{"key":"bibr53-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkq127"},{"key":"bibr54-1060028014524175","unstructured":"UpToDate. Smarter decisions. Better care. http:\/\/www.uptodate.com. Accessed December 2, 2013."},{"key":"bibr55-1060028014524175","unstructured":"Vigamox (moxifloxacin hydrochloride 0.5% ophthalmic solution) [package insert]. Fort Worth, TX: Alcon Laboratories Inc; 2008. http:\/\/ecatalog.alcon.com\/pi\/Vigamox_us_en.pdf. Accessed December 2, 2013."},{"key":"bibr56-1060028014524175","unstructured":"Moxeza (moxifloxacin hydrochloride 0.5% ophthalmic solution) [package insert]. http:\/\/ecatalog.alcon.com\/PI\/Moxeza_us_en.pdf. Accessed December 2, 2013."},{"key":"bibr57-1060028014524175","unstructured":"Zymaxid (gatifloxacin 0.3% ophthalmic solution) [package insert]. Irvine, CA: Allergan Inc; 2004. http:\/\/www.allergan.com\/assets\/pdf\/zymaxid_pi.pdf. Accessed December 2, 2013."},{"key":"bibr58-1060028014524175","unstructured":"Quixin (levofloxacin 0.5%) [package insert]. Jacksonville, FL: Vistakon, Inc; 2007. http:\/\/medlibrary.org\/lib\/rx\/meds\/quixin\/page\/2. Accessed December 2, 2013."},{"key":"bibr59-1060028014524175","unstructured":"Levofloxacin 0.5% [package insert]. Lake Forrest, IL: Akorn Inc. http:\/\/www.akorn.com\/documents\/catalog\/package_inserts\/17478-106-10.pdf. Accessed December 2, 2013."},{"key":"bibr60-1060028014524175","unstructured":"Ciloxan (ciprofloxacin hydrochloride 0.3% ophthalmic solution and ointment) [package insert]. Fort Worth, TX: Alcon Laboratories, Inc; 2006. http:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/drugsatfda_docs\/label\/2006\/019992s020lbl.pdf. Accessed December 2, 2013."},{"key":"bibr61-1060028014524175","unstructured":"Ciprofloxacin HCL 0.3% ophthalmic solution [package insert]. Fort Worth, TX: Alcon Laboratories, Inc; 2006. http:\/\/www.akorn.com\/documents\/catalog\/package_inserts\/17478-714-10.pdf. Accessed December 2, 2013."},{"key":"bibr62-1060028014524175","unstructured":"Ocuflox (ofloxacin hydrochloride 0.3% ophthalmic solution) [package insert]. Irvine, CA: Allergan Laboratories, Inc; 2000."},{"key":"bibr63-1060028014524175","unstructured":"AzaSite (azithromycin 1% ophthalmic solution) [package insert]. Durham, NC: Inspire Pharmaceuticals Inc; 2008."},{"key":"bibr64-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-2918(01)80109-0"},{"key":"bibr65-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10865-007-9147-y"},{"key":"bibr66-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-2918(03)80222-9"},{"key":"bibr67-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1989.03420220087032"},{"key":"bibr68-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-011-0037-x"},{"key":"bibr69-1060028014524175","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Adherence to long-term therapies: evidence for action. http:\/\/www.who.int\/chp\/knowledge\/publications\/adherence_full_report.pdf. Accessed December 2, 2013."},{"key":"bibr70-1060028014524175","unstructured":"American Academy of Ophthalmology Cornea\/External Disease Panel, Preferred Practice Patterns Committee. Bacterial keratitis. http:\/\/one.aao.org\/preferred-practice-pattern\/bacterial-keratitis-ppp-2013. Accessed January 19, 2014."},{"key":"bibr71-1060028014524175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2010.04.030"}],"container-title":["Annals of Pharmacotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1060028014524175","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1060028014524175","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1060028014524175","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T11:14:56Z","timestamp":1777374896000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1060028014524175"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,24]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1060028014524175"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1060028014524175","relation":{},"ISSN":["1060-0280","1542-6270"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1060-0280","type":"print"},{"value":"1542-6270","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,24]]}}}