{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:09:01Z","timestamp":1777421341179,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,26]],"date-time":"2016-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480118400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ann Pharmacother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Angioedema is a rare and serious adverse drug reaction (ADR) to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor treatment. Dry cough is a common side effect of ACE inhibitors and has been identified as a possible risk factor for angioedema.\n                    <jats:bold>Objective:<\/jats:bold>\n                    We compared characteristics between patients with ACE inhibitor\u2013induced angioedema and cough with the aim of identifying risk factors that differ between these adverse events.\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Data on patients with angioedema or cough induced by ACE inhibitors were collected from the Swedish database of spontaneously reported ADRs or from collaborating clinicians. Wilcoxon rank sum test, Fisher\u2019s exact test, and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs were used to test for between-group differences. The significance threshold was set to\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.00128 to correct for multiple comparisons.\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Clinical characteristics were compared between 168 patients with angioedema and 121 with cough only. Smoking and concomitant selective calcium channel blocker treatment were more frequent among patients with angioedema than cough: OR = 4.3, 95% CI = 2.1-8.9,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 2.2 \u00d7 10\n                    <jats:sup>-5<\/jats:sup>\n                    , and OR = 3.7, 95% CI = 2.0-7.0,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 1.7 \u00d7 10\n                    <jats:sup>-5<\/jats:sup>\n                    . Angioedema cases were seen more often in male patients (OR = 2.2, 95% CI = 1.4-3.6,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 1.3 \u00d7 10\n                    <jats:sup>-4<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) and had longer time to onset and higher doses than those with cough (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 3.2 \u00d7 10\n                    <jats:sup>-10<\/jats:sup>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 2.6 \u00d7 10\n                    <jats:sup>-4<\/jats:sup>\n                    ). A multiple model containing the variables smoking, concurrent calcium channel blocker treatment, male sex, and time to onset accounted for 26% of the variance between the groups.\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Smoking, comedication with selective calcium channel blockers, male sex, and longer treatment time were associated with ACE inhibitor\u2013induced angioedema rather than cough.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1060028016682251","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,26]],"date-time":"2016-11-26T20:10:30Z","timestamp":1480191030000},"page":"293-300","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Comparison of Clinical Factors Between Patients With Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor\u2013Induced Angioedema and Cough"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"P\u00e4r","family":"Hallberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Nagy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ryhov County Hospital, J\u00f6nk\u00f6ping, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Malgorzata","family":"Karawajczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leif","family":"Nordang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gunilla","family":"Islander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pia","family":"Norling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sickla Health Centre, Nacka, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hans-Erik","family":"Johansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"K\u00e4mpe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Svante","family":"Hugosson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00d6rebro University Hospital and \u00d6rebro University, \u00d6rebro, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qun-Ying","family":"Yue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Products Agency, Uppsala, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mia","family":"Wadelius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.hjh.0000431740.32696.cc."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","unstructured":"The National Board of Health and Welfare. 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