{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T23:59:17Z","timestamp":1777420757564,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,18]],"date-time":"2019-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1563408000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ann Pharmacother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: The purpose of this article is to review the literature for both 3,4-diaminopyridine (3,4-DAP) and amifampridine for the treatment of Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS). Amifampridine (Firdapse) is the salt form of 3,4-DAP and was approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of LEMS. Data Sources: PubMed, TRIP database, and EMBASE searches were conducted without a back date (current to June 2019) utilizing the following search terms: amifampridine, 3,4-diaminopyridine, and Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. Completed trials were also reviewed at clinicaltrials.gov. Study Selection and Data Extraction: Criteria for article inclusion consisted of human subjects, age \u226518 years, phase II or III clinical trials, and English language for both drugs. Observational and pharmacokinetic studies for amifampridine were also included. Data Synthesis: Prior to the approval of amifampridine, 3,4-DAP was first-line for the management of LEMS symptoms. Two phase III trials have evaluated amifampridine to confirm efficacy, both showing superiority over placebo in the management of LEMS symptoms, with minimal adverse effects. A significant improvement in both quantitative myasthenia gravis scores and Subjective Global Impression scores was established at days 4 and 14. Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice: With an improved stability profile and decreased dose variability, amifampridine will likely assume the role of first-line management of LEMS. Conclusions: Amifampridine has been shown to improve symptoms of LEMS and is generally well tolerated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1060028019864574","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,19]],"date-time":"2019-07-19T06:27:52Z","timestamp":1563517672000},"page":"56-63","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Amifampridine for the Management of Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome: A New Take on an Old Drug"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6176-9305","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Connie H.","family":"Yoon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"OhioHealth Riverside Methodist Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jocelyn","family":"Owusu-Guha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"OhioHealth Riverside Methodist Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4461-3397","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"OhioHealth Riverside Methodist Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pamela","family":"Buschur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"OhioHealth Riverside Methodist Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1060028019864574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/CON.0000000000000415"},{"key":"bibr2-1060028019864574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/CON.0000000000000682"},{"key":"bibr3-1060028019864574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(11)70245-9"},{"key":"bibr4-1060028019864574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.73.6.766"},{"key":"bibr5-1060028019864574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-017-8541-9"},{"key":"bibr6-1060028019864574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2018.01.008"},{"key":"bibr7-1060028019864574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2003-41135"},{"key":"bibr8-1060028019864574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S10464"},{"key":"bibr9-1060028019864574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.111.074989"},{"key":"bibr10-1060028019864574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.7.10.1323"},{"key":"bibr11-1060028019864574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.34.4.480"},{"key":"bibr12-1060028019864574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2009.197632"},{"key":"bibr13-1060028019864574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.11.025"},{"key":"bibr14-1060028019864574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.25070"},{"key":"bibr15-1060028019864574","unstructured":"US Food and Drug Administration. FDA approves first treatment for Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome, a rare autoimmune disorder. https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/NewsEvents\/Newsroom\/PressAnnouncements\/ucm627093.htm. Published November 28, 2018. Accessed March 11, 2019."},{"key":"bibr16-1060028019864574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2017.05.353"},{"key":"bibr17-1060028019864574","unstructured":"Firdapse [package insert]. Coral Gables, FL: Catalyst Pharmaceuticals, Inc; 2018."},{"key":"bibr18-1060028019864574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2015.05.498"},{"key":"bibr19-1060028019864574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/prp2.99"},{"key":"bibr20-1060028019864574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198912073212303"},{"key":"bibr21-1060028019864574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1993.tb22949.x"},{"key":"bibr22-1060028019864574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.54.3.603"},{"key":"bibr23-1060028019864574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2009.35"},{"key":"bibr24-1060028019864574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.21422"},{"key":"bibr25-1060028019864574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.26052"},{"key":"bibr26-1060028019864574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CND.000000000000023"},{"key":"bibr27-1060028019864574","unstructured":"Catalyst Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Integrated summary of safety for NDA 208078. https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/drugsatfda_docs\/nda\/2018\/208078Orig1s000RiskR.pdf. Accessed April 10, 2019."},{"key":"bibr28-1060028019864574","volume-title":"Lexicomp Online, Lexi-Drugs Online","author":"Wolters Kluwer Clinical Drug Information, Inc.","year":"2019"},{"key":"bibr29-1060028019864574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2006.06.007"},{"key":"bibr30-1060028019864574","unstructured":"Catalyst Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Commercial launch of Firdapse: transcript of conference call. https:\/\/catalystpharma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/Final-Transcript.pdf. Published December 13, 2018. Accessed April 23, 2019."},{"key":"bibr31-1060028019864574","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.82.10_supplement.P4.271"},{"key":"bibr32-1060028019864574","unstructured":"Erman M, Humer C. 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