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Compared with conventional immunosuppressive drug therapy, both patient and graft survival improved in patients treated with cyclosporine. Patients treated with cyclosporine also had less complicated hospital courses than patients receiving conventional immunosuppressants. The. adverse effects from cyclosporine are reversible but include nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, malignancies, hirsutism, and minor neurologic complications. Intravenous cyclosporine doses range from 2\u20139 mg\/kg\/d and oral doses range from 10\u201350 mg\/kg\/d; the dosage should be individualized based on the clinical status of the patient as well as blood concentrations of the drug. Monitoring cyclosporine blood concentrations is necessary in the postoperative management of transplant patients. Cyclosporine has contributed to the improved success of transplantation and the recognition of transplantation as a new therapeutic option for several diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/106002808501900202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,5]],"date-time":"2017-12-05T05:08:40Z","timestamp":1512450520000},"page":"90-100","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Cyclosporine"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Richard J.","family":"Ptachcinski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilbert J.","family":"Burckart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 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