{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T23:12:27Z","timestamp":1777417947033,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1993,1,1]],"date-time":"1993-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":725846400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ann Pharmacother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To review the evidence that antenatal phenobarbital can reduce the incidence or severity of periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage (PIVH) in low-birthweight neonates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DATA SOURCES:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MEDLINE searches were conducted with fan searches of all papers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>STUDY SELECTION:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Emphasis was placed on human data supplemented by relevant animal data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DATA SYNTHESIS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The barbiturates have been used to reduce hypoxic-ischemic cerebral events. Giving phenobarbital to high-risk pregnant women allows the drug to be in therapeutic concentrations during the critical period when PIVH occurs in low-birthweight infants. Current data suggest that antenatal phenobarbital can decrease the severity of PIVH; fewer data are available stating that it can decrease the incidence of PIVH.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Evidence supports the hypothesis that antenatal phenobarbital is effective in decreasing the severity of PIVH in low-birthweight neonates. Further data are necessary regarding the incidence of low Apgar scores and respiratory depression in neonates given antenatal phenobarbital.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/106002809302700113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,12]],"date-time":"2017-01-12T07:09:51Z","timestamp":1484204991000},"page":"49-52","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Antenatal Phenobarbital to Prevent or Minimize Intraventricular Hemorrhage in the Low-Birthweight Neonate"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Eddilisa R.","family":"Barnes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dennis 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