{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T23:15:13Z","timestamp":1777418113705,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1995,1,1]],"date-time":"1995-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":788918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ann Pharmacother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe a patient with morphine-induced myoclonus treated with a continuous infusion of midazolam and continued morphine dose escalation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Single case report.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Delivery, monitoring, and titration of morphine and midazolam in the patient's home by a homecare agency.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The use of high dosages of morphine (i.e., 500 mg\/h) produced myoclonic spasms in this patient, which in turn resulted in increasing pain. To allow for continuation of effective analgesia and to control the myoclonic spasms, an infusion of midazolam was initiated and titrated. The midazolam infusion allowed for continuation of the morphine dosage and also permitted further dosage escalation. As morphine dosages were further escalated, it was also necessary to increase the midazolam infusion to control additional myoclonic spasms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Use of a concomitant midazolam infusion with high doses of morphine appears to be safe and is an effective means of controlling morphine-induced myoclonus. If further dosage increases of morphine are necessary in this setting, increases in the midazolam infusion also may be required.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/106002809502900105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,11]],"date-time":"2017-01-11T17:00:42Z","timestamp":1484154042000},"page":"25-29","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Continuous Midazolam Infusion for the Management of Morphine-Induced Myoclonus"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Mark T.","family":"Holdsworth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Val R.","family":"Adams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterans Affairs Hospital, San Antonio, TX"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cathy M.","family":"Chavez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leslie J.","family":"Vaughan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Quantum Health Resources, Albuquerque, NM"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marilyn H.","family":"Duncan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, and Director, Division of Pediatric Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1995,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-106002809502900105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19890601)63:11<2298::AID-CNCR2820631140>3.0.CO;2-A"},{"key":"bibr2-106002809502900105","first-page":"589","volume-title":"Advances in pain research and therapy","volume":"9","author":"Bonica JJ.","year":"1985"},{"key":"bibr3-106002809502900105","author":"Jacox A","year":"1994","journal-title":"Rockville, MD: Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service"},{"key":"bibr4-106002809502900105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0885-3924(05)80006-5"},{"key":"bibr5-106002809502900105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19870215)59:4<850::AID-CNCR2820590432>3.0.CO;2-1"},{"key":"bibr6-106002809502900105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0885-3924(88)90160-1"},{"key":"bibr7-106002809502900105","first-page":"19","volume":"20","author":"Portenoy RK.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Semin Oncol"},{"key":"bibr8-106002809502900105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-199307000-00038"},{"key":"bibr9-106002809502900105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(91)90225-M"},{"key":"bibr10-106002809502900105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199004000-00025"},{"key":"bibr11-106002809502900105","first-page":"299","volume":"299","author":"Potter JM","year":"1989","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"bibr12-106002809502900105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.1993.tb03809.x"},{"key":"bibr13-106002809502900105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)90840-2"},{"key":"bibr14-106002809502900105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(93)90188-U"},{"key":"bibr15-106002809502900105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(93)90232-E"},{"key":"bibr16-106002809502900105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.1988.tb09020.x"},{"key":"bibr17-106002809502900105","first-page":"521","author":"Trissella LA","year":"1990","journal-title":"6th ed. 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