{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T19:39:43Z","timestamp":1777491583845,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,3,1]],"date-time":"2002-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1014940800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Concurrent Engineering"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The concepts and principles of Concurrent Engineering (CE) have been around for over a decade. In fact the literature is full of examples, studies and surveys advocating the potential accruable benefits of implementing CE. However, how to introduce it in a guided and holistic manner has received lesser attention. This paper attempts to fill this gap by reporting on a 3.5-year research study exploring and investigating the pertinent issues for CE. The research project was called PACE - a \u2018Practical Approach to Concurrent Engineering\u2019, and was a European Commission funded project consisting of a pan-European consortium. Its aim was to provide a holistic technology transfer infrastructure enabling the effective change and improvement of present engineering practices towards CE principles. The paper explores these issues based on three research questions posed at the outset of this study. The paper is split into four major sections. The first introductory part provides the rationale for this research study in terms of motivation and why the need for such a project by reviewing past studies and developments in the CE domain. This section is followed by a conceptual model which forms the basis of a CE knowledge platform. The third section reports on a set of complementary decision support tools for CE in practice. It is then argued that implementing CE successfully requires a huge cultural change in an organisation. A generic implementation support framework forms the basis for the final section before the concluding summary. Two case studies are used to illustrate the implementation of research findings and developments in multinational companies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1063293x02010001731","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,18]],"date-time":"2003-07-18T20:58:53Z","timestamp":1058561933000},"page":"75-93","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Computer Based Initiatives for Implementing and Sustaining Concurrent Engineering"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Kulwant S.","family":"Pawar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Concurrent Enterprise, School of Mechanical, Materials, Manufacturing Engineering and Management, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Badr","family":"Haque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"c\/o Warwick Manufacturing Group, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, Rolls Royce Plc, Derby, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frithjof","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bremen Institute of Industrial Technology and Applied Work Science at the University of Bremen (BIBA), Department of Computer-Aided Design, Planning and Production, PO-Box 33 05 60, D-28335 Bremen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1063293X02010001731","first-page":"647","author":"Pennel J.P.","year":"1989","journal-title":"IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference and Exhibition"},{"key":"bibr2-1063293X02010001731","volume-title":"Society of Manufacturing Engineers.","author":"Charney C.","year":"1991"},{"key":"bibr3-1063293X02010001731","author":"Riedel J.","year":"1991","journal-title":"International Journal of Technology Management, Special Issue on Manufacturing Strategy"},{"key":"bibr4-1063293X02010001731","unstructured":"Trygg L. (1992). Simultaneous engineering: A movement or an activity of the few? International Product Development Management Conference on New Approaches to Development and Engineering, Brussels, 18-19 May."},{"key":"bibr5-1063293X02010001731","volume-title":"Successful Implementation of Concurrent Engineering Products and Processes.","author":"Shina S.G.","year":"1994"},{"key":"bibr6-1063293X02010001731","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/09576069410815765"},{"key":"bibr7-1063293X02010001731","first-page":"495","author":"Hanssen R.W.","year":"1997","journal-title":"The University of Nottingham"},{"key":"bibr8-1063293X02010001731","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/002075498192274"},{"key":"bibr9-1063293X02010001731","unstructured":"Walker R., and Weber F. (eds.), (1997). PACE 97 A practical approach to concurrent engineering. In: Proceedings of European Workshop. Portugal, 15 May."},{"key":"bibr10-1063293X02010001731","unstructured":"Thoben K.D., Oehlemann R., and Pawar K.S. (1995). A holistic infrastructure for the guided implementation of CE principles. In: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Integrated Logistics and CE (ILCE). Paris, France, February. pp. 5163."},{"key":"bibr11-1063293X02010001731","volume-title":"Information Science in Theory and Practice.","author":"Vickery B.C.","year":"1992"},{"key":"bibr12-1063293X02010001731","unstructured":"Hurst D. (1994). The introduction of concurrent engineering in an Irish engineering company-a case study. EIASM Conference on New Product Development, Gothenburg, May."},{"key":"bibr13-1063293X02010001731","unstructured":"Oehlmann R. (1991). Concurrent engineering: Breaking barriers. Working paper, unpublished. Bremen Institute of Industrial Technology and Applied Work Science at the University."},{"key":"bibr14-1063293X02010001731","unstructured":"Pawar K.S., Driva H., Thoben K.D., Oehlemann R., and Weber F. (1996). Concurrent engineering: from concept to implementation. A paper presented at the International Conference on Agile Manufacturing, Bangalore, India 22- 24 February. pp. 18."},{"key":"bibr15-1063293X02010001731","unstructured":"Pawar K.S., Thoben K.D., and Oehlemann R. (1995). Developing concurrent engineering conceptual model and knowledge platform. In: Proceedings of the Second Conference on Concurrent Engineering, Research and Application (CERA). Washington DC, USA, August 23-25. pp. 487497."},{"key":"bibr16-1063293X02010001731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Halsz F. Schwartz and Mayer (1994). The dexter hypertext model. In: Groenbaek, K. and Trigg, R.H. (eds.), Communications of the ACM. 37. pp. 3039.","DOI":"10.1145\/175235.175237"},{"key":"bibr17-1063293X02010001731","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/185462.185483"},{"key":"bibr18-1063293X02010001731","first-page":"17.1","volume":"91","author":"Painter M.K.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Proceedings of Autofact\u2019"},{"key":"bibr19-1063293X02010001731","unstructured":"Rozenfeld H., and Takahashi S. (1994). An environment for the implementation of CE based on enterprise modeling. Flexible Automation & Integrated Manufacturing. USA, May. pp. 362371."},{"key":"bibr20-1063293X02010001731","unstructured":"Karandikar H.M.  (1992). Process and technology readiness assessment for implementing CE, CERC Technical Report CERC-TR-TM-92-004."},{"key":"bibr21-1063293X02010001731","volume-title":"Object-Oriented Modelling and Design","author":"Rumbaugh J.","year":"1991"},{"key":"bibr22-1063293X02010001731","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6963(97)00018-1"},{"key":"bibr23-1063293X02010001731","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1063293X9600400201"},{"key":"bibr24-1063293X02010001731","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1063293X9700500304"},{"key":"bibr25-1063293X02010001731","unstructured":"Reetz U., Kromker M., and Weber F. (1997). The PACE tool selection - selecting methods and tools for concurrent engineering. In: Walker, R. and Weber, F. (eds.), Proceeding of a European Workshop on PACE (Practical Approach to Concurrent Engineering). Portugal, 15 May."},{"key":"bibr26-1063293X02010001731","unstructured":"Nielsen P.H. (1997). Teambuilding - The stepping stone to success. In: Walker, R. and Weber, F. (eds.), Proceeding of a European Workshop on PACE (Practical Approach to Concurrent Engineering). Portugal, 15 May."},{"key":"bibr27-1063293X02010001731","unstructured":"Thoben K.D., and Weber F. (1997). Formal interaction analysis - designing information and communication structures for concurrent engineering. In: Walker, R. and Weber, F. (eds.), Proceeding of a European Workshop on PACE (Practical Approach to Concurrent Engineering). Portugal, 15 May."},{"key":"bibr28-1063293X02010001731","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1504\/IJBPM.1999.004465"},{"key":"bibr29-1063293X02010001731","unstructured":"Reetz U. (1997). Performance measurements-a key system for a guided implementation of concurrent engineering principles into product development processes. In: Walker, R. and Weber, F. (eds.), Proceeding of a European Workshop on PACE (Practical Approach to Concurrent Engineering). Portugal, 15 May."},{"key":"bibr30-1063293X02010001731","unstructured":"Almeida L.T., and Viana Fernandes A. (1997). Cost-benefit analysis in concurrent engineering environment. In: Walker, R. and Weber, F. (eds.), Proceedings of a European Workshop on PACE (Practical Approach to Concurrent Engineering). Portugal, 15 May."},{"key":"bibr31-1063293X02010001731","unstructured":"Pawar K.S., Haque B., and Barson R.J. (1997). Organisation improvement through process analysis for concurrent engineering using the PACE O.M. tool. In: Walker, R. and Weber, F. (eds.), Proceedings of a European Workshop on PACE (Practical Approach to Concurrent Engineering). Portugal, 15 May."},{"key":"bibr32-1063293X02010001731","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-5273(00)00017-7"},{"key":"bibr33-1063293X02010001731","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-3062-6"},{"key":"bibr34-1063293X02010001731","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1538-7305.1994.tb00568.x"},{"key":"bibr35-1063293X02010001731","unstructured":"Muffato M., and Panizzolo R. (1994). New product development process: the case of the motorcycle industry. EIASM conference on NPD. Gothenburg, May. pp. 482493."},{"key":"bibr36-1063293X02010001731","volume-title":"Concurrent Engineering Fundamentals, Volumes 1 and 2.","author":"Prasad B.","year":"1997"},{"key":"bibr37-1063293X02010001731","volume-title":"When Giants Learn to Dance.","author":"Kanter R.M.","year":"1989"},{"key":"bibr38-1063293X02010001731","volume-title":"Reengineering the Corporation: A Manifesto for Business Revolution.","author":"Hammer M.","year":"1993"},{"key":"bibr39-1063293X02010001731","volume-title":"Business Process Reengin-eering: Breakpoint Strategies for Market Dominance.","author":"Johansson H.J.","year":"1993"},{"key":"bibr40-1063293X02010001731","unstructured":"Driva H., and Pawar K.S. (1997). Overview of PACE from conceptual model to implementation methodology. In: Walker, R. and Weber, F. (eds.), Proceedings of a European Workshop on PACE (Practical Approach to Concurrent Engineering). Portugal, 15 May."},{"key":"bibr41-1063293X02010001731","unstructured":"Stiller A., and Bredehorst B. et.al. (1997). Improving interdepartmental information exchange for the design of assembly lines: case studies for applying PACE tools at BWM. In: Walker, R. and Weber, F. (eds.), Proceedings of a European Workshop on PACE (Practical Approach to Concurrent Engineering). Portugal, 15 May."},{"key":"bibr42-1063293X02010001731","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1063293X9700500408"},{"key":"bibr43-1063293X02010001731","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1063293X9500300104"}],"container-title":["Concurrent Engineering"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1063293X02010001731","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1063293X02010001731","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T14:49:46Z","timestamp":1777387786000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1063293X02010001731"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,3]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1063293X02010001731"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1063293x02010001731","relation":{},"ISSN":["1063-293X","1531-2003"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1063-293X","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-2003","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,3]]}}}