{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T17:11:25Z","timestamp":1780333885324,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,31]],"date-time":"2013-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1383177600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Surg Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Kayexalate (sodium polystyrene sulfonate), a cation exchange resin often used to treat hyperkalemia, is known to produce gastrointestinal complications in a minority of patients. These complications range from mild gastrointestinal bleeding to perforation with acute abdomen. The typical histopathologic findings include mucosal ulceration, necrosis, and the presence of polygonal basophilic refractile crystals with a \u201cfish scale\u201d appearance. We present a unique case of Kayexalate crystals embedded in a perihepatic inflammatory pseudotumor, developing adjacent to a colostomy site in a 62-year-old woman following Kayexalate treatment. Microscopically, the lesion demonstrated a myofibroblastic proliferation rich in histiocytes and inflammation (lymphocytes, plasma cells, and eosinophils) as well as the presence of scattered typical Kayexalate crystals. This is the first report of extraintestinal Kayexalate identification in association with an inflammatory pseudotumor.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1066896913507598","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,1]],"date-time":"2013-11-01T03:57:02Z","timestamp":1383278222000},"page":"464-469","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Inflammatory Pseudotumor Containing Kayexalate Crystals"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Ryan C.","family":"Romano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seshadri","family":"Thirumala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ameripath, Lubbock, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walter H.","family":"Cushman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lubbock Diagnostic Radiology, Covenant Health System, Lubbock, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taofic","family":"Mounajjed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1066896913507598","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200105000-00011"},{"key":"bibr2-1066896913507598","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-200093050-00016"},{"key":"bibr3-1066896913507598","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SMJ.0b013e31819e8978"},{"key":"bibr4-1066896913507598","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2006.02.001"},{"key":"bibr5-1066896913507598","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199701000-00007"},{"key":"bibr6-1066896913507598","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1072-7515(02)01495-3"},{"key":"bibr7-1066896913507598","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.rlu.0000090933.66898.d4"},{"key":"bibr8-1066896913507598","first-page":"267","volume":"101","author":"Lillemoe KD","year":"1987","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"bibr9-1066896913507598","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(81)90236-1"},{"key":"bibr10-1066896913507598","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.3800938"},{"key":"bibr11-1066896913507598","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1309\/BUWNMG5RV4D09YYH"},{"key":"bibr12-1066896913507598","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.3880352"},{"key":"bibr13-1066896913507598","first-page":"2776","volume":"59","author":"Griffin CA","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"bibr14-1066896913507598","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/hupa.2001.23523"},{"key":"bibr15-1066896913507598","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)64550-6"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Surgical Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1066896913507598","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1066896913507598","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1066896913507598","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T10:19:58Z","timestamp":1777457998000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1066896913507598"}},"subtitle":["A Case Report and Review of the Literature"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,31]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1066896913507598"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1066896913507598","relation":{},"ISSN":["1066-8969","1940-2465"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1066-8969","type":"print"},{"value":"1940-2465","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,31]]}}}