{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T22:53:08Z","timestamp":1788821588418,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,20]],"date-time":"2023-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676851200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81874219"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81874219"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Surg Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Background.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Although tumor size is regarded as the \u201cT\u201d stage of the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging system for many solid tumors, its prognostic impact in gastric cancer remains uncertain and conflicting.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Methods.<\/jats:italic>\n                    We enrolled 6960 eligible patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The X-tile program was used to select the best cut-off value of tumor size. Then, the Kaplan\u2013Meier method and the Cox proportional hazards model were applied to examine the efficacy of tumor size on prognostic prediction for overall survival (OS) and gastric cancer-specific survival (GCSS). The presence of nonlinear association was determined by the restricted cubic spline (RCS) model.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Results.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Tumor size was divided into 3 groups: small size (\u22642.5\u2005cm), medium size (2.6-5.2\u2005cm), and large size (\u22655.3\u2005cm). After adjusting by covariates such as depth of tumor infiltration, the large and medium groups showed a worse prognosis than the small group; however, no survival difference in OS was suggested between the medium and large groups. Similarly, although there was a nonlinear relationship between tumor size and survival, increasing tumor size did not show an independent negative effect on prognosis in the RCS analysis. However, the stratified analyses proposed this 3-way cut of tumor size in prognostic prediction for patients with both inadequate lymphadenectomy and negative nodal metastasis.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Conclusions.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Tumor size as a prognostic predictor may not have good clinical applicability in gastric cancer. Otherwise, it was recommended for patients with both insufficient examinations of lymph nodes and stage N0 disease.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10668969231152578","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,20]],"date-time":"2023-02-20T03:43:42Z","timestamp":1676864622000},"page":"1273-1282","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Prognostic Value of Tumor Size in Gastric Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study Based on SEER Database"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Jian","family":"Xiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuan","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kanghui","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanhang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiang","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peidong","family":"Ni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zekuan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5456-1944","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province"},{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Liyang People's Hospital, Liyang Branch Hospital of Jiangsu Province Hospital, Liyang, Jiangsu Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-017-6078-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10120-017-0779-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21393"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21390"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/ERC-19-0412"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-014-4014-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-009-0449-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.20951"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v18.i38.5470"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.11.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.14.1149"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","first-page":"1895","article-title":"Tumor Index as a combined indicator of tumor depth and size in gastric cancer","volume":"36","author":"Ohashi T","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ohashi T, Komatsu S, Ichikawa D, et al. 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